
Class _ 
Eook__ 



eOPYRlGHT DEPOSIT 



FLORIDA EAST COAST 



PRICE 25 CENT5 





"//'j all in the Standard Guide T 



^ •■■■••••• • •••• f » 4 





NEW 

FLORIDA 

SHORT 

LINE 




fkJi 



FLORIDA- CENTRALAND 
PENINSULAR RAILROAD 



u 



SHORTEST LINE 

NEW YORK TO JACKSONVILLE AND ST. AUGUSTINE. 

THE NEW YORK AND FLORIDA LIMITED TRAIN, 

Employed in this service is one of the most elegant in the country, having compartment cars, Pullman 
sleepers, dining and observation cars. There are between New York and Florida by this line 
two other trains daily. 

THE CINCINNATI AND FLORIDA LIMITED 

Is an elegant vestibuled train whicli makes the run between Cincinnati and Jacksonville in 
about 24 hours. 

THE CELEBRATED ASHEVILLE ROUTE, 
Also Holly Springs Route from St. Louis and Kansas. City. All our Western Routes 
connect with Chicago. Only through sleeper route between New Orleans and Jacksonville. 



J. L. ADAMS, General Eastern Agent, 
3S3 Broadway, New York. 



W. B. PENNINGTON, Gener>l Western Agent, 
417 Walnut Street, Cincinnati, O. 



H. BURNS, T. P. A., J. R. DUVAL, Agent, H. F. DAVIS, Agent, 

Woodward and Jefferson Aves., Detroit. 231 E. German St., Baltimore. Commerc al Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. 

WALTER G. COLEMAN, General Traveling Agent. 

N. S. PENNINGTON, Traffic Manager. 

A. O. MAC DONELL,, General Passenger Agent, Jacksonville, Florida. 



Information at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Tourist Routes 



^<d^w^ 



-^^^^^ 



^^^^ 



■<^^^few 



■^^^^^ 



^ PLEASANT WAY 
HOME 4. 4. ^ 4. * 

is by rail to Savannah — a most interesting southern 
city, thence by one of the luxuriously appointed 
steamships of the Merchants and Miners Transpor- 
tation Company to Baltimore, affording a short sea 
trip and a quiet sail up the broad Chesapeake. A 
few days may be pleasantly spent at Baltimore ; and 
Washington is only an hour distant. 

The Merchants and Miners 
Transportation Company ^ ^ 

IS AN OLD AND WELL-KNOWN STE AMSHIP 
LINE, AND ITS STAUNCHLY BUILT VESSELS 
ARE OFFICERED BY MEN OF EXPERIENCE 
AND CAREFUL TRAINING 



SAVANNAH and BALTIMO RE 

Leave SAVANNAH every WEDNESDAY and SATURDAY 
Leave BALTIMORE every TUESDAY and FRIDAY 

Through tickets via Savannah and Baltimore may 
be obtained at all railroad ticket-offices to all points 
north, and information will be cheerfully furnished by 



C. R. GILLINGHAM, Agent 

Long Dock, Baltimore, Md. 



NEWCOMB COHEN, Traveling Agent 

Jacksonville, Fla. 
J. J. CAROLAN, Agent 
Savannah, Ga. 

A. D. STEBBINS, Asst. Traf. Mgr. 



J. C. WHITNEY, Traf. Mgr. 

W. P. TURNER, Gen. Pass. Agent 

GENERAL OFFICES 
Nos. 214 and 216 Water Street, Baltimore, Md. 

Informr.tion of the Merchants and Miners route also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine 



The Stmtdard Guide. 



THE CLYDE STEAMSfflP CO. 




"New York, Charleston and Florida Lines/' 



NORTHBOUND. 

Steamers are appointed to sail according to the tide 
From JACKSONVILLE, Fla., 

Sundays, Tuesdays and Thursdays. 
From CHARLESTON, S. C, 

Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. 
For hour of sailing see Jacksonville and Charleston 
daily papers. 

The fleet is composed of the following elegrxnt steamers: 



SOUTHBOUND. 

Steamers are appointed to sail from Pier 29, East River, 
New York, at 3 P. M. as follows: 

For JACKSONVILLE, Fla., 

Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. 

Fo. CHARLESTON, S. C, 

Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. 



"COMANCHF." (new), Capt L. W Pennington. 
"SEMINOLE," Capt. H. A Bearse. 

"CHEROKEK," Capt. Jos. Mc Kee. 



"ALGONQUIN," Capt. S. C. Piatt. 

"YEMASSEE," Capt. J. Robinson 

"IROgUOlS." Capt. E. Kemble. 



This is the only line of steamers running through to JACKSON"VrL,r,E, FL,A., without change, making 
close connection with all Railroad and Steamboat lines at Charleston, S. C, and Jacksonville, Fla. 

CLYDE'5 ST. JOHN'S RIVER LINE, 

(de bary line) 

Jacksonville, Palatka, Sanford and Enterprise, Fla., 

AND INTERMEDIATE LANDINGS ON THE ST. JOHN'S RIVER. 
Sailing from Jacksonville Sundays, Tuesdays and Fridays at 3:30 P. M. 

Steamer "CITY OF JACKSONVILLE," Capt. \V. A. Shaw. 
For further information apply to 

F. M. IRONMONGER, Jr., F. P. A., Jacksonvilie, Fla. 
J. A. LESLIE, Supt., Jacksonville, Fla. JAS. E. EDQERTON, Supt., Charleston, S. C. 

HARSHALL H. CLYDE, A. T. H. W. H. WARBURTON, Gastern Pass. Agent. 

THEO. Q. EGER, T. M. 

WM. P. CLYDE «& CO., General Agents, 

S BOWLING GREEN, NEW YORK. 12 SOUTH DEL. AVE., PHILADELPHIA, PA. 

Circulars of the Clyde Line also at the Standard Guide Infnrmnlinn Bure.->.u, St. Augustine. 



Ready Reference Guide. 



Ill 



READY REFERENCE GUIDE. 

For Map of St. Augustine see page vi. 
For East Coast Map see page 75, also large folded Map. 

ST. AUGUSTINE is a well-equipped modern city. It has asphalt pavements, gas and 
electric lights, artesian water system, fire department, well-stocked markets and stores, 
elegant churches, an increasing number of residences, and palatial hotels whicli are 
famous the world over and on whose registers are written the names of more than 50,000 
guests every winter and spring. It is the fashionable winter resort of the United States. 
Visitors find every convenience and luxury. The town is renowned for its healthfulness; 
the climate is equable and has given lease of life to thousands who have come hither 
from the North and West. 

SITUATED on a narrow strip of land running north and south, the town has in front (on 
the east) the Matanzas River or bay, and on the west the St. Sebastian River. Across 
the bay is Anastasia Island; and beyond that — two miles distant — the ocean. 

HOTELS IN ST. AUGUSTINE, of which announcements will be found in our 
advertising pages, are : Ponce de Leon, Cordova and Alcazar, on King street. 
Magnolia, St. George street Florida, St. George street. Barcelona, Carrere street. 
Buckingham, Granada street St. George, St, George street Lorillard Villa, St 
George street. Plaza, King street. Abbey, St, George street. 

HOTELS ELSEWHERE.— See Hst on page vi. 

[Ready Reference Guide contiaued on page iv.] 

CHOICE TOURIST ROUTES 

FROM FLORIDA 



NORTH 



AND THE 



EAST. 



SAL 



^^Ll^ 




XUMITED " 
TRAINS 




VIA 

ATLANTA, 
OLD POINT 
COMFORT, 
RICHMOND 

A N 1 1 

WASHINGTON. 



STOP-OVER ALLOWED AT 

Southern Pines and Kittrell, N. C, 

THE FAMOUS WINTER RESORTS. 

Address 
B. A. NEWLAND, General Agent Pass. Dept., 6 Kimball House, Atlanta, Qa. 

E. ST. JOHN, Vice=Pres. and Gen. Mgr. li. W. B. QLOVER, Traffic Hgr. 

T. J. ANDERSON, Qen. Pzss. Agent. 

Circulars of the Seaboard Air Line also at Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



IV 



Ready Reference Guide — Continued. 



RAILWAYS. All trains leave from the Union Depot on Malaga street. 

MAILS. The post-office is on St. George street, facing the Plaza. General delivery hours, 

8 A. M. to 6 P. M. Mail time to New York, thirty hours ; to Chicago, forty hours. 
TELEGRAPH OFFICES. Alcazar, Hotel Ponce de Leon and Hotel San Marco. 
EXPRESS. Southern Express Co.; office, Nos. 31 and 33 Alcazar, Cordova street. 
BANK. First National Bank, north side of plaza. Hours, 9 A. M. to 2 P. M. 
CHURCHES. Episcopalian — Trinity Church, facing Plaza. Methodist — Grace Church, 

Cordova and Carrere streets. Presbyterian — Memorial Church, Valencia street. 

Roman Catholic — Church facing Plaza on the north. Baptist — Carrere street. 
PUBLIC LIBRARY. St. George street, in post-ofiice building. 
STUDIOS. Valencia street, in the grounds of the Hotel Ponce de Leon. 
MUSEUMS. Dr. Vedder's Florida Museum (on Marine, corner Treasury street) is very 

well worth visiting ; its extensive collections of land and marine life are of decided 

merit and will repay the attention of those who are interested in natural history. There 

is abundant entertainment here for an hour or a forenoon. 

POINTS OF INTEREST. See map, page vi. 

FORT MARION is open to the public through the day. See page 40. 
THE CITY GATEWAY is at the head of St George street. See page 19. 
THE PLAZA, or park, is in the center of the town. See page 21. 

THE SLAVE MARKET is a fiction. The old market house on the Plaza, com- 
monly called The Slave Market, never was one. See page 21. 

[Ready Reference Guide fontiimed on page v.] 



KIMBALL HOUSE, Atlanta, Ga. 



GEO. W. SCOVILLE, Manager. 



JOS. THOMPSON, Proprietor. 



At the door of the main entrance of the hotel radiates the electric railway system of the city of Atlanta, 
carrying passengers to all parts of the city. Within a hundred feet of the front door is the main Union Depot, 
where arrive and depart all Atlanta trains. The porters of the Kirahall House meet all trains and transfer 
all baggage, checked or otherwise, to and from the hotel without charge. 



American and 
European Plans. 

Service and 

Cuisine in both 

the Dining Room 

and Restaurant 

of the 
Highest Order. 




fm^^trf^ 



-./-A, 



^%- 



("^^ ' 




Rates, 



American Plan, = = $2.50 to $5.00 per Day. 

European Plan, = = $1.00 to $3.50 per Day. 

European Plan, double rooms, $2.00 to $6.00 per Day. 



One Hundred 

Rooms 

with Private 

Bath. 

Two Passenger 
Elevators. 

All Railroads 

entering Atlanta 

have Offices in 

the Hotel. 



Restaurant Open 

from 6 A. fl. to 

Midnight. 



Circulars of the Kimball House also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Ready Reference Guide — Continued. 



V 



THE OLDEST HOUSE. No one knows wiiich is the oldest house in St. Augustine. 
THE SEA-WALL was built by the United States Government in 1S35-42. Seepage 21. 
THE ST. FRANCIS BARRACKS are at the south end of the Sea-Wall. See 

page 52. 
HARBOR AND BEACHES. Small steam craft ply between wharves and beaches 

and other points, and may be chartered for excursions. A bridge crosses the Matanzas 

Bay to Anastasia Island. 

HISTORICAL. 

PONCE DE LEON discovered Florida in 1512. No permanent settlement was estab- 
lished until 565, when Pedro Menendez founded St Augustine, the oldest town in 
North America. From the massacre of the P'rench Huguenots by Menendez al 
Matanzas to the close of the Seminole War in 1842, St. Augustine's three centuries have 
been crowded with stirring incident and eventful change The town remained in the 
possession of the Spaniards until 1763, when Florida was ceded to Great Britain; in 1783 
England ceded Florida back to Spain, and the United States came into possession in 
1821. The massacre of the Huguenots by Menendez. the sacking of .St. Augustine by 
Drake, the pillaging by the Boucaniers, the sieges by the British under Moore and Ogle- 
thorpe, the vicissitudes during the Revolutionary War, the coming of the Minorcan 
refugees, the Seminole War, and other incidents are referred to in subsequent pages, 
while the story of the town's three centuries is told in " Old St. Augustine"- a helpful 
little book, which is to be seen in its coquina binding at all the stores. 
[Ready Reference Guide continued on page vl J 



CONSOLIDATED OCKLAWAHA RIVER LINES 




Plying between Palatka and the famous Silver Springs, 

THIS line will give the tourist a view of the most beautiful, clear stream of water in America. All the beauties of the 
Upper Ocklawaha Kiver. Twenty five miles of weird and enchanting; scenery. At no time does the interest wane 
The steamers are unexcelled in equipments. We make OUR TA^BLE A SPECIALTY, supplying it with the 
VERY BEST the market affords. Schedule daily exc°pt Sundays: I'he Steamers METAMORA and OKEE- 
HUMKEE leave Palatka at 12.35 P- M,, or on arrival of trains from Jacksonville and St. Augustme, arriving at SILVER 
SPRINGS the following morning, connecting with trains for Ocala, 'I'ampa and Jacksonville. Keturning: Steamers 
leave Silver Springs at noon on arrival of trains from Ocala and Tampa, giving a DAYLIGHT SAIL DOWN THE 
SILVER SPRINGS and the OCKLAWAHA RIVER, arriving at Palatka in the eariy morning. For further details, 
tickets, etc., apply to all railroad ticket offices and agents, or address J. E. LUCAS and R. H. THOMPSON, General 
Managers, Palatka, Fla, 

Information of the Ocklawaha River Lines at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



VI 



Ready Reference Guide — Continued. 



THE STANDARD'S INFORMATION LIST. 



p-uU information of the following may be found at the 
Bureau, in the Round Tower of the Cordova, St. Augustine 
given; see colored leaf in body of the book. 

HOTELS IN FLORIDA. 

Placide, Grand 



Standard Guide Information 
This information is freely 



Jacksonville — St. James, 

View, Roseland. 
St. Augustine —See page iii. 
Ormond — Ormond, Coquina. 
Daytona — Holly Inn 
Lake Helen— Harlan. 
De Land — Putnam, College Arms. 



Rockledge — New Rockledge. 

West Palm Beach — New Seminole, 

Palms. 
Palm Beach— Royal Poinciana, Palm 

Beach Inn, Dellmore Cottage. 
Lake Worth— Lake Worth. 
Miami — Miami, Conolly. 



Boston — Vendome. 

New York St. Denis. 

Baltimore^Stafford. 

Washington — Buckingham, Hamilton, Na- 

tonal. Raleigh, Riggs, St. James, Shore- 

liam, Wellington. 
Old Point Comfort — Hygeia. 
Richmond — I .e.xino ton. 



HOTELS ELSEWHERE. 

Charleston 



Charleston. 
Asheville - Battery Park. 
Aiken Highland Park. 
Augusta — Bon Air. 
Atlanta — Kimball. 
Thomasville - Piney Woods. 
New Orleans St. Charles. 
Nassau — Roval Victoria. 



SANITARIUnS. 

Hornellsville, N. Y.— Steuben. Lithia Springs, Ga.— Sweet Water Park. 

Watkins, N. Y. — Glen Springs. Hot Springs, Ark. — Hot Springs 

Battle Creek, Mich.— Battle Creek. League. 

Kirksville, Mo.— Still Infirmary. Suwanee, Fla.— Suwanee Springs. 

TOURIST ROUTES. 

Ocklawaha .Steamboats. 



Florida East Coast Railway. 

Florida Central «& Peninsular Railway. 

Southern Railway. 

Atlantic Coast Line. 

South Carolina & Georgia Railway. 

Seaboard Air Line. 

Georgia Railway. 

Monon Route. 

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe System. 



Clyde Line. 

Mallory Line. 

Old Dominion Steamship Co. 

Norfolk & Washington Steamboat Co. 

Merchants and Miners' Transportation Co. 

Northern Steamship Co. 

St. Louis & New Orleans Anchor Line, 

New York & Cuba Mail Steamship Co. 




Sanitariums. 

OSTEOPATHY ^ ^ ^ ^ 

Osteopathy is the science and practice of curing diseases without drugs. It makes 
no pretense of "gifts of healing," nor of occult, supernatural powers. It employs natural 
methods— the only methods, as it claims, which are natural. By these methods it has 
cured thousands of cases, ordinary and extraordinary, among them scores which had been 
given up by physicians of the regular schools as incurable - that is to say, which they 
did not know how to cure. The Osteopath did know and did cure. 

Does the Osteopath then know more about the human body than the regular physi- 
cian ? Yes, infinitely more. The whole system of the science has grown out of such an 
exhaustive knowledge and is based upon it. 

This is Osteopathy as explained by Dr. Andrew T. Still, its founder : The Osteopath 
regards the human frame as a perfect and intricate machine, faultlessly constructed by the 
divine Master Mechanic, and capable of running smoothly until worn out by age. The 
first cause of nearly every human ill is mechanical derangement of some one or more parts 
of the machinery of life. 

As long as the human machine is in order, like the locomotive or any other mechani- 
cal contrivance, it will perform the functions for which it is intended. When every part of 
the anatomy is adjusted in harmony with every other part, the machine will run smoothly 
and without trouble. When some part gets out of order, then pains and ills result. For 
instance. Dr. Still says that a dislocation in the shoulder might produce rheumatism 
in the hand or wrist, that the dislocation of a rib might produce heart disease, or that an 
obstructed vein might produce cancer. 

Thus the Osteopath claims that the greater number of human diseases are occasioned 
by the displacement of some muscle or bone or other structure, or some unnatural pressure 
upon a nerve or blood vessel. He further claims that by a perfect knowledge of anatomy 
he can locate the exact point of displacement or pressure causing disease, and this cause 
he removes by certain processes of manipulation. When all obstruct'ons are removed and 
all the organs of this human machine are made to work without friction, nature is ready to 
step in and bring health and strength. 

Kirksville, Missouri, is the home of Osteopathy. Here Dr. Still has established an 
Infirmary, to which in a year tens of thousands of patients repair, to be cured of various 
ills : Bronchitis, asthma, consumption, hip and spinal diseases, cancer, diseases of the eye, 
female troubles, heart disease and others. Diphtheria , measles, flux, spinal meningitis 
and fevers are curable if the patient can be treated in time. 

The length of treatment at the Infirmary varies. Some cases are cured in a single 
treatment, others require several months. The charges are $25 per month and $15 for 
two weeks. 

In connection with the Infirmary Dr. Still conducts the American School of Osteo- 
pathy, where the principles of the new science are taught to others. Especial attention 
is paid to the study of anatomy, and the time and attention given to this is four times what it 
is in the best medical colleges. The student must know anatomy thoroughly ; must be 
able to name every bone, muscle, nerve, vein and artery in the human body, its uses and 
relation to every other part, and the results that will follow from any dislocation, enlarge- 
ment, obstruction or abnormity of any one of them. 

Osteopathy is an intelligent and rational method of healing. It is based upon scien- 
tific principles. It is rapidly making for itself a place with Allopathy and Homeopathy ; 
in the end it is destined largely to supplant them in the beneficent mission of healing. 

To know more about Osteopathy, the Infirmary, or the School, address 

DR. H. E, PATTERSON, Sec'y, KirksviUe, Missouri. 

Kirksville is reached by St. Louis via the Wabash Ry., or from Chicago via the C, B. 
& Q., or Santa Fe, in connection with the Quincy, Omaha & Kansas City Railroad, 
about twelve hours from Chicago. 



Circulars of the Still Infirmary at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



East Coast Hotels. 




Information of the East Coast Hotels at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



East Coast Hotels. 




Information of the East Coast Hotels at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



East Coast Hotels. 

ITHE FLORIDA J. J-l 

g ^ ^ East Coast Hotel System* \ 

XJ C. B, KNOTT, General Superintendent. S 



ST. AUGUSTINE. g 

THE FAMOUS CASINO '^^"' °"'y '^'^"■•^'^'^ ^"^^ ^^^'^^'^'^ ■^^'■^'^^ S 

13 A T'LJC '" ^'^^ State and the finest in the X^ 

•^■^ ■'■ ^^ e^ e^ J* ^ .^ South. Daily capacity, 200. Where X3 

For Men and Women. the tired and dusty traveler can enjoy S 

TURKISH AND RUSSIAN BATHS. the luxury of a bath before retiring, f^ 



¥ f 



u 



ALCAZAR Casino Features this Season: Theater (special attrac- ii 

tions), Music, Restaurant, Shuflle Boards, Dancing, Croquet, -j;^ 

(Hotel Attached) Bowling, Pool, Tennis, Billiards. Swimming Pool i so feet long, Q^ 

70 feet wide; Plunge Baths, Hot and Cold Tub Baths, Shower Baths, Electric Q, 

Baths, Sulphur Baths, Gymnasium, Special Massage Treatment; Alcohol, Cologne -^ 

■ and Salt "Rubs'"; Pedicure and Manicure Attendance. q 

NOTE. — The Artesian Water used in these baths is from a special well 1,400 feet deep, flowing £^ 

10,000,000 gallons daily, bored for the Casino, and is strong in salt, lime, magnesia, sulphur, iron, _J^ 

and such medicinal qualities highly recommended for their remedial virtues. ^^ 

ji Jt ^ ^ jZ S ^ A. M. TAYLOR, Manager. ^ 

Xvi 

PALM BEACH. S 

U ^ 

A CASINO '^'^''' '^^ ^'"""-^'^ ^'""-^ Entertainment Halls. Salt Water Baths, q 

r\ S-jit Water Swimming Pool, Sea Bathing. ■ • • ■ iX 

I ^ 1^ * g 

A ' PAVILION ^^'^ ^"'^ ^''^^'"' '^^^'^^' ■^^it'is, Salt Water Swimming Pool, ^ 

^ 200 feet by 70 feet. Q_ 

^ SEA BATHING DURING THE ENTIRE WINTER. ^ 

a ¥ ¥ ¥ IX 

iX , 4> Detailed information of the East Coast Hotel System will be „ lA 

Q, given at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. y^ 



The Standard Guide 



ST. AUGUSTINE 



By CHARLES B. REYNOLDS 



WITH A DESCRIPTION OF 



The Florida East Coast 






y'^ 



ILLUSTRATED 




ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORID 

FOSTER & REYNOLDS 

Standard Guide Information Bureau 

Copyright, 1897, by C. B. Reynolds 




To the Reader: 



The Standard Guide Is intended to give such prac- 
tical information and intelligent description as it is 
hoped may add to the convenience and pleasure of 
the tourist. Its prose and pictures also will prove 
pleasant reminders of one's visit to Florida. 
The present edition, which is for the twelfth 
)'ear, appears in an enlarged form, with text 
revised to date, and much new material relat- 
ing to the East Coast Country, including- the resorts on the Hali- 
fax and Indian rivers, Lake Worth and Bay Biscayne ; there are 
notes on Key West and Nassau, with pictures of all of these. 





HOME OF MRS. J. D. TUTTLE, FORT DALLAS, MIAMI. 







CONTENTS. 



yr. Augustine, 

Thi: City Gateway, 

The Plaza and Sea-Wall, 

The Ponce de Leon, 

?ORT Marion, 

>t. Francis Barracks, 

>T. Anastasia Island, 

UN AND Rod, 
Phe East Coast Country, 
Nassau, 



Page 
■ 9 

19 



26 

40 
52 
56 
60 

65 
90 




~-r,^'i 




tW^i 





ILLUSTRATIONS. 



MOKNING AFTER A StORM, 

Light and Shade, 

St. Francis Street, - 

A Study in St. Augustine, 

The Gardens with their Palms, 

The Overhanging Balconies. 

Transformed St. George Street, 

The New St. Augustine, 

The Memorial Chruch, 

A Bit of Old Augustine, 

Morning on the Plaza, 

The Old Cathedral, 

Linger as Cherished Landmarks, 

The Ponce de Leon, 

From the Gateway of the Court 

Ceiling Fresco, - 

Ceiling Fresco, 

The Alcazar, 

Cool, Inviting Vistas, 

The Cordova, 

CoQuiNA Bastions 



Frontispiece 



PAGE' 
lO 

II 

12 

13 
14 
15 
16 

17 

18 

22 

23 
24 
27 
29 
31 

33 
35 
38 
39 
4L 



\ 



Vlll 



Illustrations. 



Plan of Fort Marion, - . - 

To-Day Touching Hands with Yesierday, 

Chapel Entrance and Casemates, 

A MoNUMENi' OF Three Centuries, 

Osceola and Coacoochee, 

Menendez, - - - - 

San Juan de Pinos, . . . 

The Siege by Francis Drake, 

In the Old Days, . . . 

The Siege by Oglethorpe, 

Genekal Marion, 

British St. Augustine, 

The Dade Memorial, - - 

French at the River of Dolphins, 

Ruins of the Matanzas Fort, 

St. George Street near the Plaza, 

Indian Mode of Hunting Alligators, 

Knows Where to go Fishin', - 

In Seminole Land, 

COCOANUT AT PaLM BeACH, 

One of the Ormond Drives, 

The Tally-Ho on Ormond Beach, 

Coquina Shell-Stone, 

Ormond Beach in April, 

The Walk at Rockledge, 

A Rockledge Vista, - - - 

The Halifax River Shore, 

Sentinel Palmettoes, 

A Palm Beach Outlook, 

The Royal Poinciana, 

Architecture of Turkey Creek, 

A Seminole of To-Day, 

The East (3oast Country, 

A Memory of the East Coast Land, - 



page 

- 42 
43 

- 44 
45 

- 46 



49 

- 49 

50 

- 51 

53 

- .53 

55 

- 57 
59 

- 61 
62 

- 64 

65 

- 66 

67 

- 67 
68 

- 69 

70 

- 71 

72 

- 73 
74 

- 75 
76 

- 77 



*** For permission to use copyrighted photographs, we are inrlebted to Havens, of Jacksonville; the Artotype Pub. 
Co., of New York; and the W. H. Jackson Photo and Pub. Co., of Denver. 



ST. AUGUSTINR 




_ORTIFICATION and defense were the first thought of 
the Spanish soldiers who founded St. Augustine; and 
they were careful to choose a site which should be a 
stronghold. The situation of the town was admirably 
fitted for such a purpose. St. Augustine is built on a 
narrow strip of land running north and south. In 
front on the east is the Mantanzas River, in the rear on 
the west flows the St. Sebastian. 
Distances in St. Augustine are not great. The chief points of interest are com- 
prised within an area of three-quarters of a mile in length; and the tourist who is 
provided with the Standard Guide will need no other aid in finding his way. 

A sea-wall extends along the water front from Fort Marion on the north to the 
United States barracks on the south. In the center of the town is an open square or 
park, called the Plaza. 

The principal streets run north and south; the cross streets at right angles, east 
and west. The main thoroughfare, St. George street, runs through the center of the 
town to the City Gate; from that point it is known as the Shell Road, extending north 
beyond the San Marco Hotel. Treasury street, crossing St. George one block north 
of the Plaza, narrows at the east end to an alley, across which two persons may clasp 
hands. St. Francis street, at the southern extremity of St. George, was long famous 
for its ancient date palm, which was killed by the freeze of 1885. The Alameda 
extends west from the Plaza to the St. Sebastian River. 

Some of the street names are suggestive of incidents in the town's romantic history. St. Francis 
commemorates the labors and self-sacrifice of the Franciscan mission fathers, whose monastic institu- 
tion was on the site where the barracks now stand. Cuna and St. Hypolita were given in the Spanish 
supremacy. St. George street was so called in honor of England's patron saint, and Charlotte was the 
name of the queen of King George III. Old St. Augustine states that the name Treasury is from 
the Spanish term, which signified "the street where the treasurer lives." The treasure (J. e. funds for 
the soldiers' paj-, etc.) was kept closely guarded in the foit. 



The narrow little streets, with their foreign names and foreign faces, their 
overhanging balconies and high garden walls, through whose open door one caught 



lO 



Th 



^he Standard Guide. 



a glimpse of orange and fig and waving banana, were once among the quaint cna:- 
acteristics whicli made tliis old Florida town charming and peculiar among all Ameri- 
can cities. But the picturesque streets, of which tourists delighted to write, have 
almoct ceased to be a pleasing feature of St. Augustine. Some of them have been 
widened; and others, shorn of their quaintness, are ill adapted to the swelling traffic 




A STUDY OF LIGHT AND SHADE, 
Charlotte Street. 



of the "rush season." Reckless drivers crowd the pedestrian to the wall, and well 
may he sigh for the good old times when, tradition says, no wheeled vehicle was 
allowed in St. Augustine. The Standard Guide, we are sure, echoes the sentiment 
of scores of intelligent visitors, when it expresses regret that more adequate appreci- 
ation and foresight should not have prompted to the better preservation of these 
quaint and characteristic features of St. Augustine. 

The aspect of the town has been modified in other respects. The style of archi. 
tecture is undergoing a change; one by one the overhanging balconies are disappear, 
ing from the streets; high stone walls are replaced by picket fences and wire netting; 



12 



1 he Slanclj.rd Guide, 




A STUDY IN ST. AUGUSTINE. 
Sketch from painti-ng^ by Louis C. Tiffany. 

moss-roofed houses have given way to smart shops; lattice gates are displaced by 
show windows and displays of bargains in ready-made clothing. 

Few of the old dwellings are remarkable for antiquity or peculiarity of construc- 
tion; their picturesque side is usually seen from the street. In former times most of 
the houses were of coquina, a natural shellstone quarried from Anastasia Island, but 
this has been superseded by wood and artificial concrete. 

To tear down and demolish has been the rule with foe and friend alike. Indian, Sea-King, Bou- 
canier, British invader — each in turn has scourged the town; and after the passing of each, it has risen 
again. If we may credit the testimony of visitors here, over St. Augustine has always hung an air of 
desolation and decay. After the successive changes of rulers, the new has always been built from the 
old. To use the coquina blocks from a dilapidated structure was less laborious than to hew out new 
material from the Anastasia quarries. In this manner were destroyed the coquina batteries, that in 
old times defended the southern line of the town. The stone frorti one of them was employed in build- 




'THE GARDENS WITH THEIR PALMS. 



14 



The Standard Guide. 



ing the Franciscan convent, and thence it went into the foundation of the barracks, which rose on the 
convent site. Another lot of coquina passed through a like cycle of usefulness, from outskirt battery 
into parish church, and from parish church to the repair of the city gate. So universal, indeed, has 
been this process of tearing down the old to construct the new, that there are few edifices here to-day, 
concerning whose antiquity we have satisfactory evidence. Boston worships in churches more ancient 
than the cathedral; New Orleans markets are older than the disused one on the plaza; Salem wharves 
antedate the sea-wall; on the banks of the Connecticut, the Hudson and the Potomac stand dwellings 
more venerable than any here on the Matanzas. — Old St. Augustine. 

The people met in the streets are not the picturesque beings described in the 
books of travel written fifty years ago. Most tourists expect to find here a Spanish 

population. They have a 
notion — zealously fostered by 
the stereotyped " Ancient 
City" letter in Northern 
newspapers — that inasmuch 
as St. Augustine was founded 
by the Spaniards there must 
be Spaniards here now. As 
a matter of fact, the swarthy 
Spaniard stalks through the 
streets no longer, save in the 
imagination of feminine cor- 
respondents, who send gush- 
ing screeds to their papers_ 
The Spanish residents emi- 
grated when Florida was 
ceded to the United States 
seventy- five years ago. 

A portion of the native 
population, distinguished by 
dark eyes and dark complex- 
ions, is composed of the Mi- 
norcans, but they are now an 
inconspicuous part of the 
winter throngs. They have 
given place to the multitudes 
from abroad; as their ancient 
coquina houses are making 
way for modern hotels and winter residences. In 1769, during the British occupa- 
tion, a colony of Minorcans and Majorcans were brought from the Balearic Islands, 
in the Mediterranean Sea, to New Smyrna, on the Indian River, south of St. Augustine. 
Deceived by Turnbull, the proprietor of the plantation, and subjected to gross 
privation and cruelty, they at length appealed to the authorities of St. Augustine, 
were promised protection, deserted from New Smyrna in a body, came to St. 
Augustine, were defended against the claims of Turnbull, received an allotment of 
land in the town, built palmetto-thatched cottages, and remained here after the 
English emigrated. 




THE OVERHANGING BALCONIES. 
Si. George Street. 



The Standard Gtnde. 



15 



The Fort, the gateway and the old houses are built of coquina (Spanish, signify- 
ing shellfish), a native rock found on Anastasia Island. It is composed of shells and 
shell fragments of great variety of form, color and size. Ages ago these were washed 
up in enormous quantities by the waves, just as masses of similar material are left 





^'i;— f«t--'*« ¥^:t 







transformf:d st. george street, 

Sho-jjin^ the Ho'el Magnolia. 



now on the beach, where one may walk for miles through the loose fragments which, 
under favorable conditions, would in time form coquina stone. Cut off from the sea, 
these deposits are in time partially dissolved by rain water and cemented together. 

The new material is a composition of sand, Portland cement and shells. A wall 
is built by moulding successive layers of concrete; as each layer hardens a new one is 
poured in on top of it. The wall is thus cast instead of being built; when completed 
it is one stone; indeed, the entire wall construction of a concrete building is one solid 
mass throughout — a monolith, with neither joint nor seam. The plastic material 



i6 



The Standard Guide. 



lends itself most admirably to architectural and decorative purposes, and possesses 
the very important qualities of durability and immunity from destruction by fire. It 
was first employed in the Villa Zorayda, worthy of note because of the architectural 
design and the elaborate manner in which the owner-architect has successfully de- 
veloped his plan of an oriental building as appropriate to the latitude of Florida. 




THE NEW ST. AUGUsilNE. 



The architecture throughout is Moorish, after sketches and photographs in Spain, 
Tangier and Algiers. Above the front entrance is the inscription in Arabic letters: 
Wa la ghalib ilia lla — " There is no conqueror but God" — the motto which is every- 
where reproduced on the escutcheons and in the tracery of the Alhambra. 

The Memorial Presbyterian church, erected in 1889 by Mr. H. M. Flagler, is an 
elaborate structure, in the style of the Venetian Renaissance, and in wealth of ex- 
terior decoration surpasses any other building in St. Augustine. 

Other changes have been made in ecclesiastical architecture, most noteworthy 
with respect to the Roman Catholic cathedral on the Plaza. Destroyed by fire in 
1887, it has been rebuilt, enlarged and beautified. The original fapade has been 
retained and blends somewhat inharmoniously with the spire rising above it. 
There is in this something typical of that incongruity which characterizes the town. 




THE MEMORIAL CHURCH. 



The Standa7'd Gtiide. 



^^y 



\ 



a combination of the ancient and the modern, the quaint and venerable and the 
painfully new. 

Because of the pretty fable that the name Florida was given to a "Land of 
Flowers," and because the tropical features of the northern portion of the State have 
been grossly exaggerated, most persons who come to Florida in winter are apt to be 
disappointed when they find the floral display less profuse and brilliant than they 
anticipated. They forget that like the North, the South also has its seasons, which 
are marked in the same manner if in less degree. Spring is the time of bursting 
buds and blossoms, summer of luxuriant and maturing vegetation, autumn of the 
falling leaf; while in winter much of 
the Florida verdure is sere and 
brown, the deciduous trees are bare 
of leaves, and beneath the sombre 
drapingsof "Spanish moss," as in the 
North beneath the sheet of snow, the 
earth rests and recuperates. There 
is yet abundance of foliage and color. 
Lemon, orange and lime, oleander, 
olive and magnolia, date palm, pal- 
metto and bay are evergreen; rose 
gardens are in perennial bloom. The 
orange blossoms in the last of Feb- 
ruary or the first of March; the fruit 
ripens from November 15 to Decem- 
ber I, and will hang on the trees until 
the middle of the following May. 

In recent years the town has taken 
on a new appearance and character 
From a queerly built old city, whose 
foreign air piqued the curiosity of 
the chance visitor, and hinted at the 
vicissitudes of its "three centuries of 
battle and change," St. Auguctine 

has become a fashionable winter resort, whose great hotels dominate the aspect of 
the surroundings, and in their luxury and magnificence have no equals in the. 
world; it is the winter Newport, whose visitors are numbered by tens of thousands, 
whose private residences are distinguished for elegance and comfort. Year by 
year the city grows more beautiful, and with each innovation and transformation 
it adds anew to its attractiveness. The old has been supplanted by the new, yet 
St. Augustine preserves a distinctive character all its own, and there is now more 
than ever before about the old city an indefinable charm, which leads one's thoughts 
back to it again, and gladdens the face that is once more turned tov/ard Florida 
and St. Augustine. » 

Can life anywhere else be like life in the Ancient City? Upon the first day thereof we are ready to 
swear you, Nay. Upon the one liundred and fifty-first I think we say, Amen. — Elizabeth Stuart Phelps. 




A BIT OF OLD AUGUSTINE. 




THE CITY GATEWAY^ 

A( the head cf St. George Street. 



ANDMARKS are rapidly disappearing from St. Augustine, but the 
i| pillars of the ancient city gateway still remain as, notable monu- 
ments of the past. When first seen these towers are quite likely 
to be a disappointment, for their proportions are not so grand as 
they are often pictured. Moreover the gate has been outgrown 
and dwarfed; and it no longer possesses the advantage of a commanding position on 
ths town's outskirts. Dwellings crowd close upon it, overtopping the towers; a huge 
hotel looms up beyond. Irreverence might even dub the gateway ridiculous. 

But it was not always so. Inconsequential as may be these towers now, there 
was a time when they stood out bravely enough, and when in their security St. 
Augustine rejoiced. In those days they looked out upon an illimitable wilderness; 
the belated traveler hurried on to their shelter; and the town slept securely when 
the Barrier Gate was fast shut against the midnight approach of a foe from without. 
Stoutly their walls gave their strength when it was needed, and defended for the 
King of Spain his garrison town in Florida. They have witnessed many a narrow 
escape and many a gallant rescue. More than once have they trembled with the 
shock of assault, and more than once driven back the foe repulsed. To-day, dis- 
mantled and useless, out of keeping with the customs of the day and the spirit of the 
age, long since left behind by the outstretching town, the picturesque old ruins linger 
as cherished landmarks. Here we are on historic ground. 

The gateway is the only conspicuous relic of the elaborate system of fortifica- 
tions which once defended St. Augustine. The town being on a narrow peninsula 
running south, an enemy could approach by land only from the north. Across this 
northern boundary, east and west, from water to water, ran lines of fortification, 
which effectually barred approach. From the Fort a deep ditch ran across to the 
St. Sebastian; and was defended by a high parapet, with redoubts and batteries. The 
ditch was flooded at high tide. Entrance to the town was by a drawbridge across 
the moat and through the gate. Earthworks extended along the St. Sebastian River 
in the rear (west) of the town, and around to the Matanzas again on the south. The 
gate was closed at night. Guards were stationed in the sentry boxes. Just within 
the gate was a guard house, with a detachment of troops. ; 



20 



The Standard iT2iide. 




"linger as cherished landmarks. 



"When the sunset gun was fired, the bridge was raised, the gate was barred, 
and the guards took their station. Through the hours of the night — from fort to 
gate, from gate west along the parapet to redoubt Tolomato, from Tolomato to 
redoubt Centro, from Centro to redoubt Cubo on the San Sabastian; thence along; 
the river to the farthest battery, and east to the extreme point of the peninsula; then 
north, past powder-house and barracks, on to the plaza, and so back to the watch towers 
of the fort again — went the challenge, Centinela alerta ! and came the answer, Aler-ta 
estd! When once the gate was closed, the belated wayfarer, be he citizen or stranger, 
must make the best of it without the town until morning." Only on extraordinary 
occasions were the bolts thrown back at night, as when some messenger might come 
with urgent dispatches for the Governor. — Old St. Augustine. 



1 HE PLAZA AND SEA-WALL„ 




^%^ 



PLEASING bit of greensward in the center of the town is the 
Plaza. It is a public park of shrubbery and shade trees, with 
monuments and fountains, an antiquated market place invit- 
ing one to loiter, and an outlook to the east over the bay 
and Anastasia Island to the sails of ships at sea. All this is 
the more charming to those who remember the Plaza — not 
so many years ago — when it was an unshaded, unkempt, un- 
inviting waste of scanty turf and blowing sand. Long before 
those days it had been beautiful with orange trees, whose 
wonderful size and fruitfulness are yet among the town's tradi- 
tions. The square is diminutive, but it is unconsciously mag- 
nified because of the contrast to the narrow streets whence one emerges upon its 
stretch of greensward. 

The open structure on the east end of the Plaza is commonly pointed out as the 
''old slave pen," or "slave market," and it is sometimes alleged to have been of 
Spanish origin. It never was used as a "slave pen," nor as a "slave market," nor 
had the Spaniards anything to do with it, for they had left the country twenty years 
before it was built. The market (burned in 1887 and restored) was built in 1840; it 
was intended for a very prosaic and commonplace use, the sale of meat and other 
food supplies, and it was devoted to that use. A print of the town in 1848 shows the 
market thronged with men and women with baskets; and it is hardly worth while to 
point out that in those days purchasers did not carry home human chattels in baskets. 
The requirements of St. Augustine long since outgrew this primitive style of mart, 
and the Plaza market has become a lounging place where idlers bask in the sun and 
exchange gossip. 

It was not until the influx of curiosity seeking tourists, after the Civil War that 
any one thought of dubbing the Plaza market a "slave pen" or "slave market." 
The ingenious photographer who labeled his views of the old meat market " slave 
pen " sold so many of them to sensation hungry strangers that he has since retired 
with a competence; and when he sets up a crest he will no doubt take for his arms a 
negro in chains, after the fashion of old John Hawkins, father of the British slave 



22 



The Standard Guide. 



trade. The "slave market," "Huguenot Cemetery" and "oldest house" yarns have 
been told so often to credulous visitors that there are now some residents of St. 
Augustine who actually almost believe the stories themselves. 

The park takes its name of Plaza de la Constitucion from the monument erected 
here by the Spaniards in 1813. This is a pyramid of coquina, stuccoed and white- 
washed, rising from a stone pedestal, and surmounted by a cannon ball. The exist- 





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MORNING ON THE PLAZA. 
Shoiving Spanish Monutnent and Old iatkedral. 



ence of such a memorial here in the United States is incongruous, for it com_memorates 
a minor event of European history, when in 181 2 the Spanish Cortes completed the 
formation of a new and liberal constitution. 

The Spanish inscription on the monument sets forth, as translated: "Plaza of the Constitution, 
promulgated in the city of St. Augustine, in East Florida, on the 17th day of October, in the year 1812; 
the Brigadier Don Sebastian Kindalem, Knight of the Order of Santiago, being Governor. For eternal 
remembrance the Constitutional City Council erected this monument, under the superintendence of Don 
Fernando de la Maza Arredondo, the young municipal ofHcer, oldest member of the corporation, and 
Don Francisco Robira, Attorney and Recorder. In the year 1813." 

A second monument in the Plaza bears the inscriptions: "Our Dead. Erected by the Ladies' 
Memorial Association of St. Augustine, Fla., A. D. 1872." "In Memoriam. Our loved ones who 
gave their lives in the service of the Confederate vStates." "They died far from the home that gave 
them birth." " They have crossed the river and rest under the shade of the trees." 



A Convenience for Travelers. .^ j* ^ jt jt 

THE STANDARD GUIDE 
INFORMATION BUREAU 

In the Round Tower of Hotel Cordova^ 
ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA. 

The Standard Guide Information Bu- 
reau is maintained by the " Standard 
Guide to the Florida East Coast." It is 
conducted solely for the benefit of trav- 
elers, who are cordially invited to avail 
themselves of its services, which are ren- 
dered without any charge whatever. No 
fees are asked or in any instance accepted. 
Here you will find printed matter de- 
scriptive of all southern resorts and 
transportation lines, and of many north- 
ern summer resorts and sanitariums. 
The new time-schedules and folders 
of the railway and steamship lines are 
received here as soon as issued. Sleep- 
ing-car and steamship berths, and state- 
rooms and hotel rooms, may here be en- 
gaged. Tickets are sold and staterooms 
reserved for the Ocklawaha River trip. 

You are invited to reg^ister your name in the Infor- 
mation Bureau's TOURISTS' REGISTER, by means 
of which friends may be apprised of your address and 
movements while in Florida. J- J- J- J- J- ^ 



\m 



THE STANDARD GUIDE 

INFORMATION BUREAU. 



I KNOW a great deal about Florida. I have traveled over the State by man}- 
routes, have visited all of its resorts, and am thoroughly acquainted with the 
many hotels and transportation lines. My information, having been obtained by 
personal inspection, is definite and accurate. I can indicate the most convenient 
and expeditious route to any place in the State, and can render such aid in mapping 
out a tour of Florida and the adjacent islands as will enable you to obtain the 
greatest satisfaction for the time and money expended. I am able to tell you all 
about the hotels and boarding houses, small and large. I know the prices charged 
at the different hotels and which rooms are most to be desired, and will engage 
accommodations for you by telegraph if you wish it. I am acquainted with the 

climatic conditions prevailing 
in different parts of the State, 
and I can tell you where to go 
for good hunting or fishing. 

In a general way I am pretty 
well informed concerning the 
character of the soil and its 
products, and I can quickly 
put you in the way of obtain- 
ing" any information along 
these lines that I may be un- 
able to give you. 1 am also 
well informed concerning the 
railroads and steamship lines 
between Florida and the North 
and West, and I know all about 
the desirable stopping -places 
e/i route. 

It is my business as mana- 
ger of the Standard Guide In- 
formation Bureau to answer as 
fully and definitely as possible 
any questions )''ou may ask. 
The Bureau is maintained for 
the benefit of tourists in Flori- 
da. Take advantage of it. 




THE STANDARD GUIDE INFORMATION BUREAU 

IS IN THE ROUND TOWER OF HOTEL CORDOVA, 
ON KING STREET, IN ST. AUGUSTINE. 



WARD G. FOSTER, 
Manager* 



The Standard Guide. 



23 



Originally, no doubt, the square was designed as a parade for the maneuvering 
of troops. On a map of the town in British times, given in Old St. Augustine, it is 
designated as "The Parade Ground." For this purpose it was employed so late as 
1865, when the sunset dress-parade of the United States troops on the Plaza was — 
next to the daily arrival of the mail stage — the great event of the day. 

Always a place of public assemblage, the Plaza has been the scene of two inci- 
dents which strikingly illustrate the curious vicissitudes of the town's history. The 
first of these was on that historic night in the year 1776 when the loyal British sub- 
jects of King George III. came 
together here and burned in 
effigy two of the signers of the 
Declaration of Independence. 
The second one, nearly a hun- 
dred years later, was the Fourth 
of July gathering of the citizens 
of St. Augustine in mass meeting 
on the Plaza to applaud the read- 
ing of that Declaration, which 
had now a new meaning because 
cemented and made good by the 
tremendous conflicts, the price- 
less sacrifices of the Civil War. • 

■ A person of antiquarian tastes 
might find much of interest in 
the alterations which have been 
made during the last fifty years 
in the Plaza surroundings. The 
Alameda was originally a high- 
walled alley ten feet wide; an- 
other wall shut in the lot where 
the Post Office stands on the site 
of the old Governor's house, and another extended from St. George street east to 
the Cathedral, and then to Charlotte street, where in Spanish times stood the guard 
house. 

Facing the Plaza on the west (St. George street) is the Post Office; the east 
end is open to the bay. On the south rises the spire of Trinity Church; and on the 
north St. Joseph's Cathedral. The edifice was completed in 1791, burned in 1887 
and rebuilt and enlarged in 18S7-8S. One of the original bells bears the inscription, 
"Sancte • Joseph • Ora • Pro • Nobis • D • 1682." It has been claimed that 
this bell is the oldest on the continent; it may be the most ancient within the limits 
of the United States; it antedates by three years the famous bell in the Dutch church 
at Tarrytown, N. Y., which bears the date 1685. The Cathedral is not old when 
compared with numerous other church edifices in this country; it is, for example, 
nearly a hundred years more modern than the Tarrytown church referred to. 




THE OLD CATHEDRAL. 



24 



The Standa7^d Guide. 



Extending from the water battery of Fort Marion soutii, along the water front! 
cf the town to the United States barracks, stands a sea-wall of coquina capped withi 
New England granite. It affords a necessary protection against the encroachmentt 
of the sea. The site of St. Augustine is so low that under certain conditions of wind! 
and tide the waves would inundate much of the town. In heavy east storms the^ 
water dashes over the top of the wall. The need of such a barrier against the seai 
was recognized at an early time. There is a touch of the humorous side of history 
in the spectacle of Spain, having chosen this bit of Florida soil for a town, building- 
first a huge fort to defend it from invaders, and then a great wall to protect it from 
the inroads of the sea. The records tell us that the soldiers volunteered their labor 
and contributed part of their pay toward the construction of the first sea-wall. They^ 
were wise enough in their day and generation to understand that if the town were 
swept away their occupation of garrisoning it would tumble into the sea along with it. 
The present wall was built by the United States, in 1835-42, as a complement to the 
repairs of Fort Marion, at an expense of $100,000. Length, ^ mile ; height, 10 feet. 

From the wall a charming prospect is afforded of the sail-dotted harbor, the 
shining sand dunes of the beach, the green stretch of Anastasia with the lighthouse 
rising against the eastern sky, and the quivering mirage. From sea-wall and wharves ; 
sailing excursions may be made to the silvery beaches strewn with coquina seashells. 
The beaches are called North and South with reference to the harbor entrance. 
North Beach is a term applied to the shores of both ocean and harbor and the long 
narrow spit of land formed by them. Along the shores extend irregular lines of 
sand dunes, which are ever shifting in the wind and changing their shape, like the 
northern snowdrifts they so closely resemble. 




FROM THK SEA-WATL, 



The Standard Guide, 



25 




Sj^-:^^^^^^^^;^^^^ 



THE FRENCH AT THE RIVER OF DOLPHINS IN I563. 



Oh, what shells ! Incredible that they should be selling for large prices by the quart, like candy 
in the Boston shops. They lie brilliant, vital, it seems sentient, beneath our touch, like flowers. We 
beach the Elizabeth upon the silver bar, and wander like children among them. At first I object to 
gathering them, as I do to rifling a garden; and to the last I find myself turning out of my way to avoid 
stepping upon the perfect and rich-tinted things; as if they had blood and could be hurt. — Elizabeth 
Stuart Phelps. 

At sunset the Florida seashore takes on a pecuHar beauty. Surf and beach are 
transplendent with the soft shades and delicate tints of the sky; the atmosphere is 
aglow with color, and there comes to one the novel experience of not alone beholding 
the distant glories of the west, but of actually standing in and being surrounded by 
the effulgence of the dying day. 

But the average St. Augustine skipper is not inclined to linger for sunset effects 
on the North Beach; the one practical consideration with him is that when the sun 
goes down the sea breeze will go down too, and his boat and party will be becalmed; 
experience has taught him the wisdom of an early return to town. 

The porpoises which frequent the harbor in great numbers have always been a 
conspicuous feature of these waters. Away back in 1563, before the Spaniards had 
founded St. Augustine, the French explorers who came here found the porpoises (or 
dolphins) so numerous that they gave to the river the name Riviire des Dauphines, 



THE HOTEL PONCE DE LEON. 

IT HAS ever been the fashion in describing St. Augustine to lay emphasis on the 
Spanish character of the town. With the one exception of the fort, however, no 
specially notable example of Spanish architecture was to be found here. 
Throughout the entire period of its rule from Madrid the town appears to have 
been always poor, as the Boucaniers found it in the middle of the seventeenth 
century. And yet no natural conditions were wanting. The sky above St. Augustine 
arches as delicately blue and soft as that of Seville ; the sunlight is as warm and as 
golden as that which floods the patios of Spanish Alcazars ; the Florida heavens are 
as radiantly brilliant by night, and the full moon floats as luminously above the 
Atlantic coast as where the pinnacles and minarets of Valencia glitter in its beams on 
the Mediterranean shore. Add to these natural adaptations the historic associations 
of Spain and the Spaniards, and there is little room for wonder that the visitor looked 
for some architectural monuments, other than gloomy fortifications, to commemorate 
the dignity and pride of the ancient Spanish rule. 

Among those who as tourists found their way to St. Augustine was Mr. Henry 
M. Flagler, of New York. He recognized the possibilities of the place, and happily 
resolved to make them good. 

The architects to whom the scheme was imparted, and the execution of it m- 
trusted, caught its spirit and entered upon their task with the enthusiasm born of a 
ready sympathy. The style most appropriate was manifestly to be sought in the 
architecture of Spain, and must be Spanish, not Moorish. Selection was made of the 
Spanish Renaissance, and this was well chosen, for it was that style whose development 
coincided with the most glorious period of Spanish history. It was in the ever mem- 
orable age when the Moors had been expelled from Granada and all Spain was united 
under Ferdinand and Isabel, when Spanish explorers were conquering America, when 
into the treasury of Spain was flowing the wealth of the Indies, and when the em- 
pire was at the zenith of opulence and power^ — that Spanish architecture found its 
highest expression in Renaissance forms. It was in the epoch-making years when 
Columbus gave to Ferdinand and Isabel a new world that Diego de Siloe planned 
the Cathedral of Granada, in whose magnificent Capilla Real the sculptured effigies 
of those sovereigns repose. While Cortez and Pizarro were looting the Sun temples 
and in their greed obliterating the monuments of civilizations in Mexico and Peru, 



"^"zr. 











PI 

1 



28 



The Stajidard Guide. 




FROM SEVILLA STREET. 



Spanish architects were building cathedrals and universities and royal courts, 'i he 
beginning of the Spanish Renaissance, too, was in the years of Ponce de Leon and 
the discovery of Florida ; its glory had not passed when our old Florida town wass 
established. None more fitly chosen then ; nor unless architectural style be wholly 

meaningless could 
the purpose of the; 
hotel architects have; 
been so well attained 1 
with any other. And 1 
since history is so.) 
largely a chronicle off 
wars and conquests, , 
and the records of the; 
early years of St. Au- - 
gustinehave in thenii 
so much that is darkv 
and cruel and forbid- 
ding in Spanish char- 
acter, we ought to be 
grateful both for the 
generous enterprise'; 
which planned tliiss 
architectural adorn- 
ment of the city, and 1 
for the good taste ; 
which has embodied in the adornment a reminder of the brighter qualities off 
the Spanish race, its genius and its art. 

From no point of view are the external forms and colors other than pleasing. 
If this is true of the general impression, when one looks upon it from the Ala-:i 
meda, or from the west through the green foliage of orange and oak, much more is^li 
it true when we come to study the details of constructiou and decoration within. Asil 
we have said, the scheme of the projector of this palatial structure did not end with i 
the erection of a richly appointed and luxurious hotel ; his purpose reached beyond ! 
this, and demanded that, as the shell material of the walls was found here on Anas- 
tasia Island, and the hotel was in its very structure to be of St. Augustine, so in their ! 
decoration the walls should speak of Spanish St. Augustine and its storied past. 

The historic symbolism of the decoration is to be observed at the very gateway 
of the court. The entrance, in the center of the one-story portico, on the Alameda, , 
is designated by two independent gateposts, on each one of which, carved in high i 
relief, is a lion's masque. It is the heraldic lion of Leon, that sturdy Spanish town j 
which so long and so bravely withstood the Moors; it is an emblem, too, of the.; 
doughty warrior, Juan Ponce de Leon, proclaimed in his epitaph "a lion in name ; 
and a lion in heart." Above the full centered arch of the gateway, repeated in the | 
spandrels of the panel arches, is the stag's head, which was the sacred totem of Seloy, i 



The Standard G2iide, 29 

Without the council hall, aloft on its staff was the effigy of an antlered stag, looking out over the 
ocean toward the sunrise. For annually, at the coming of spring, the people of Seloy selected the skin 
of a huge deer, stuffed it with choicest herbs and decked it with fruits and flowers; and then bearing^ 
it with music and song to the appointed spot and setting it up on its lofty perch, consecrated it as a 
new offering to the Sun god, that because of it he might smile upon the fields and fructify the planted 
' seed and send to his children an abundant harvest— C/^i' St. Augustine, ''The Huguenots in Florida" 

I Passing beneath the raised portculUs of the gateway and through the portico, we 

enter the fountain court, a delicious mass of fohage in many shades of green, with 
tropical plants, waving plumes, brilliant flowers, and a fountain plashing in the center. 
On the north side of the court, directly opposite the gateway, is the grand en- 
trance; and in the centers of the wings, east and west, are other entrances. From 
the gateway and the entrances walks converge to the fountain in the center, and are 
intersected by another circular walk, which runs around the court. The whole area 
is thus divided into garden terraces of geometric patterns, after the Spanish manner. 
The court is surrounded by arcades, whose pillars and arches give them the char- 
acter of cloistered walks. Rooms open upon the arcades, vines clamber over their 
arches, and easy chairs invite to repose. The ranges of windows in the second story 
are broken, in the spaces above the doorways, by arched open balconies; and around 
the third story, just beneath the overhanging roof, is a continuous loggia, whose 
carved woodwork is in pleasant contrast with the masonry. Still higher, in the great 
red roofs, are the rows of dormer-windows, giving a cosy, home-like character to the 
whole composition, and suggesting swallows under the eaves, although there are nO" 
swallows here. The central dome of the main building is one of the distinguishing: 
features of the Spanish Renaissance, and the open arcaded story at the top was withs 
the architects of that period a favorite device to secure lightness and deep shadows-. 
Turn which way we will in the court, there are charming combinations of lig^yt 

! and shade; the general effect is restful; there are cool inviting vistas everywhere. 
Here, where the sun shines in winter as in summer, the architects have improved 
every opportunity to make the most of shadow effects; and the overhanging roofs, 
affording grateful shade, are repeated ctgain and again. 

From the gateway of the court the majestic towers are seen for the first time in 
their full proportions. The towers are square, with a balustrade about the top, and 
from the upper platform is carried up a round tower, with high conical roof, sur- 
mounted by an elaborate metal finial. Each side of the square tower is pierced near 
the top with an arched window, opening upon a flat corbelled balcony, with a low 
projection. These windows remind us of the balconies of Mohammedan mosques; 
and from them, at morning, noon or nightfall, we might almost expect to hear the 
muezzin's call to prayer. Above these windows is an open gallery of observation. 
The massive and donjon character, which towers of this magnitude might easily 
have, has been entirely avoided, and their chief characteristic, considering the size, 
is an airy lightness entirely in keeping with the remainder of the composition. The 
shadow and color combinations, as the eye follows the stately tower to the bright 
metal tip, 165 feet against the blue sky, are changeful and effective. 

Crossing the court, past the fountain — which is a well-ordered combination of 



32 The Standard Guide. 

marble, stone and terra-cotta, the shaft being of terra-cotta inlaid with marble mosaics, 
surrounded with grotesque frogs and turtles and other water creatures in the basins, 
all spouting water in different directions — we approach the grand entrance. This is a 
full-centered arch, twenty feet wide. Around the face of the arch, in a broad band, 
carved in relief on a row of shields, a letter to a shield, runs the legend, Ponce de Leon. 
Garlands depend from the shields, which are supported by mermaids. This is an- 
other suggestion of the sea as the source whence came the shell composite of the hotel 
walls; and also of the sea as the field of his achievements whose name is here in- 
scribed. The suggestion is further emphasized in the shell-patterned diaper in the 
spandrels of the arch, and yet again in the marine devices of the coats-of-arms on the 
two shields. To complete the composition of the doorway, there are above the main 
arch six small full-centered arches, in pairs, carried on spirally-fluted columns. About 
each pair of arches is an elaborate belt moulding, which is also carried down in vert- 
ical lines on each side of the main door, terminating in corbels at the springing line 
of the arch. On either side of the door is a circular window of stained-glass of geo- 
metric pattern. 

The other entrances, on the east and west, should have attention before we leave 
the court. In the wall, on each side of the doorway, is a deep fountain niche, with 
the top carried up into pinnacles, which give fine shadow effects. The water issues 
from the mouth of a dolphin. Above the door, in the key of the arch, is a shield 
with a shell device, and medallions with Spanish proverbs occupy the spandrels. As 
in the main entrance, the composition of the doorway is completed by arched open- 
ings above; the arches are carried on similar spirally-fluted columns, and there are 
elaborate belt mouldings. The dolphins of the fountain niches have special appro- 
priateness; they are not only typical of the sea, but have a local significance as well, 
for the bay of St. Augustine once bore the name River of Dolphins, given it by 
Laudonniere, the Huguenot captain, who anchored his ships here in 1564 (see p. 75). 
The allusion to the sea, in the dolphins and the shells, is a motive repeated again and 
again throughout the hotel; even the door-knobs are modeled after shells. 

The garlands and Cupids on the window caps and the other decorations and orna- 
ments of the court deserve a more minute description, but their elaborateness and pro- 
fuseness forbid more than just an indication of them. The amount of wall space is 
so enormous that it was impossible to treat all the surfaces with like richness; this led 
the architects to distribute the ornamentation and make it very rich, thus forming the 
most happy contrasts, really producing all the effect that it was possible to obtain, 
and avoiding the fault of over-decoration. 

Standing in the doorway of the main entrance and looking through the pillars of 
the vestibule to the caryatides of the rotunda, and beyond them to the marble columns 
at the entrance of the dining hall, we begin to have some conception of how rich and 
palatial is the hotel. The vestibule opens upon a corridor, surrounding a rotunda 
which occupies the great central space of this main building. On the right a broad 
hall leads past the hotel office to various public room.s; another on the left leads to 
the ground parlor; and directly opposite, a broad marble stairway ascends to the 
dining hall. The pavement of vestibule, corridor and rotunda is a mosaic of tiny 



34 TJlc. Standard Guide. 



bits of marble, laid in Renaissance manner. The wainscoting of the vestibule is o: 
choice Numidian marbles imported from Africa; that of the corridor is of quartered 
oak. Marble fireplaces of generous dimensions give an air of welcome, and all the 
suggestions are of hospitality and comfort. 

In composition and decoration the rotunda is a marvel of grace and beauty. 
The immense dome is supported by four massive piers and eight pillars of oak, carved 
into caryatides of life size, cut from the solid quartered wood, and terminating in, 
fluted shafts. The sylph-like figures have laughing, mischievous faces, and a won- 
drous semblance of life. They are in groups of four, standing back to back; and so 
graceful are the forms, so light and airy the poses, we forget the tremendous weight 
they are supporting. The rotunda is four stories in height, forming arcades and 
galleries at each story whose arches and columns are of different designs. These 
galleries overhang each other, and are supported by decorated vaults forming pene- 
trations. The effect is most pleasing, as one looks up through the entire open space, 
to the great circular penetration in the vault of the dome, sixty-eight feet above. 

While the decorations here are true to the Spanish Renaissance style, the motives 
for them have been found in the Spain and the Florida of the sixteenth century; the 
symbolism is of the spirit of that age and the impulses which then held sway. 
Painted on the pendentives of the cove ceiling of the second story, are seated female 
figures typical of Adventure, Discovery, Conquest and Civilization. Four other 
figures, which are standing, represent the elements. Earth, Air, Fire and Water. The 
paintings are in oil on a silver ground; the colors are rich and varied, and the ac- 
cessories chosen with excellent taste. In the four subjects last named the com- 
position is completed with arabesque figures of appropriate designs; and the several 
backgrounds are scattered with distinctive emblematic devices. 

Adventure wears a cuirass and in her helmet an eagle's crest. She holds a drawn 
sword. The pose is eager and alert; the features and the bearing denote reckless 
enterprise, courage, readiness to encounter peril, and the resolution which overcomes. 
The emblems on the background are arrows radiating in different directions. 

Discovei-y is robed in drapery whose blue is the blue of the sea. In her right 
hand is held a globe, the other rests upon a tiller. The pose of the head and the far 
reaching gaze are as if with swelling heart she were surveying the outstretched ex- 
panse of a newly-revealed continent. The emblems are sails. 

Conquest^ clad in martial red, with helmet and cuirass of mail, firmly grasps an 
upright sword, significant of might and war-won supremacy. The look in her face is 
of exultant mastery, grim consciousness of power, and a purpose inexorable. On the 
background are daggers. 

Civilization is clothed in white and wears a crown. In her lap is an open book^ 
the symbol of knowledge. Her face has the repose of dignity and benevolence. The 
background reveals the repeated figure of the cross, suggesting the civilizing in- 
iluences of Christianity. 

Earth is represented as of dark complexion and is clad in robes of russet. She 
extends a horn of plenty, overflowing with fruits and the bounties of the earth; and 
by gracefully floating ribbons holds captive two peacocks, the most gorgeous birds of 



J 



36 The Standard Guide. 

the earth, as distinguished from those of the air. Snails are the devices on the 
background. 

Air is an etherial form, with winged heels, fair hair and diaphanous drapery 
of a very pale blue tint which fades at times almost into absence of color. One hand 
restrains the flight of two magnificent eagles, and in the other are lightly held dande- 
lion downs, ready at a breath to spring into the air and float away on the zephyrs. 
This is one of the most charming conceits in the whole scheme of decoration. The 
emblems on the background are dragon-flies and butterflies. 

The figure oi Fire, auburn-haired and clothed in drapery of glowing red, stands 
amid tongues of flame and holds on high a blazing torch. The arabesques are sal- 
amanders, embodying the only life fabled to live in fire. The emblems are flames. 

In sharp contrast with these brillianthues are the marine tints which predominate 
in the pictured fancy of Water. She is fair-skinned and fair-haired; her robes are 
of a very pale green and white; and she stands in a shell to which sea-mosses are 
clinging. With ribbons she controls two prancing sea-horses, emblematic of the 
ocean's restlessness and might. On the background are starfishes. 

The decorations in the penetrations are lyres with swans on either side. The 
lyres are surmounted alternately by a masque of the Sun god of the Florida Indians, 
and by the badge of the most illustrious order of Spanish knighthood, the Golden 
Fleece, depending from its flint-stone surrounded by flames of gold. Where this ap- 
pears, the design of the border is the Collar of the Golden Fleece, the chain of double 
steels interlaced with flint-stones. 

Below in the spandrels of the corridor arches is seen the stag's head, barbaric 
emblem of sun-worshipping Seloy. Shields bear the arms of the present provinces 
of Spain, and on cartouches are emblazoned the names of the great discoverers of 
America. Cornucopias are favorite forms here as elsewhere throughout the hotel. 

The decorations do not end with this story. The upper dome is modeled in 
high relief; around its base dances a band of laughing Cupids; between these 
figures are circular openings; and the vault above is all modeled with delicate tracery 
of pure white and gold effects; casques and sails signify the military and maritime 
achievements of Spain; and the crown of the dome is surrounded with eagles. 

A broad stairway of marble and Mexican onyx leads from the corridor to a landing, 
from which is entered the passage leading to the dining hall. In delightfully antique 
letters set in mosaic in the floor of the landing, is the aptly chosen verse of welcome, 
taken from Shenstone: 

Whoe'er has travell'd life's dull round, 
Where'er his stages may have been, 
May sigh to think he still has found 
The warmest welcome at an inn. 

From this landing, stairways of oak lead to the rotunda and halls above. The wain- 
scoting of the stairways is of Verona and pink Numidian marble; and above this, set 
in the walls, in frames of oak, are two paintings, "The Landing of Columbus," and 
"The Introduction of Christianity to the Huns by Charlemagne." The passage 
*o the doors of the dining hall is beneath a beautifully chiseled arch of marble 



The Standard Guide. 



37 




ONE OF thp: tojetti frescoes. 

Front photograph by the Artotyfie Puh. Cn 

On each end, north and south, of the central hall is a high wainscoting in antique 
oak of choice grains. Above this, on a ground of blue green, is a panel of dancing 
Cupids, with roguish faces and outstretched hands, representing the feast; some ex- 
tend clusters of luscious grapes, and bread and cups of wine in welcome to the 
guests, while others ladle steaming olla from great Spanish calderons. On the wall 
above are pictured ships of Spain, with sails full set and gracefully waving streamers 
and pennants; they are the high-pooped Spanish caravels of the sixteenth century, 
just such vessels as that in which came Ponce de Leon to Florida in his search for 
the fountain. In the key of the arch over the musicians' balcony is a shield bearing 
an heraldic device, with legend, "P de L — 1885-1887." Dancing girls support the 
shield, and outside of these are figures of Fame blowing trumpets. Four mermaids 
one in each corner, support the border which goes over the ends of the ceiling. 
On the yellow surface of the vault are delicate arabesques traced in various colors 
and gold and silver. 

On the pendentives between the stained-glass windows, allegorical paintings 
represent the Four Seasons. They are female figures, winged to typify their 
rapid flight ; and the two different fancies present a dual conception of each 
subject. In grace of form not less than in their admirable color effects these paint- 
I ings are as worthy of careful study as were those of the rotunda. For his colors the 



38 



The Standard Guide. 



artist has gone to nature. The pale draperies of Spring reflect the deHcate green 
shades of the fresh May foliage ; in one fancy she is pictured as sowing grain ; in the 
other she holds spring flowers and a branch with bursting buds. The draperies of 
the figures of Summer are bright in color ; in one fancy the accessories are a sheaf 
of wheat and a sickle ; in the other luxuriant summer verdure. Autumn is given 
russet robes ; one figure with bunches of purple grapes represents the vintage ; the 




"cool, inviting vistas." 

other dancing, with a tambourine, the merry-making of the harvest home. In the 
paintings of Winter the colors are rich and warm ; the two aspects of the season 
here depicted are its hardships and its festivities ; the first figure, warmly clad, with 
bright scarf and closely mufided hood, bears an axe and a bundle of fagots ; the 
other, partially draped, is bringing in the boar's head. The grand parlor is a mag- 
nificent room 104X53 feet. The walls and decorations are in ivory-white and gold, 
with frescoes by Tojetti of Cupids and garlands and filmy drapery amid the clouds 
in the corner ceilings. 

On the south side of the Alameda, opposite the Ponce de Leon, is the Alcazar, 
an adjunct of the hotel, and in architecture a fitting complement of it. The Alcazar, 
of Spanish Renaissance style, and of a design which, like that of the Ponce de Leon, 



The Standard Guide. 



39 



is original throughout. Within is a court of flowers, shrubbery and vines, with an 
ingenious fountain playing in the center. The court — not unworthy to be compared 
with the patios of the Alcazars in Spain — is surrounded by an arcade, upon which 
open shops and offices. Beyond this court are the great swimming pools of sulphur 
water from the artesian wells and of salt water from the bay. South are tennis courts. 
The group of concrete hotels on the Alameda is completed by the Hotel 
Cordova. The Cordova was designed by Mr. F. W. Smith. In style it does not 
follow the Spanish Renaissance architecture; the suggestions for its heavy walls and 
battlemented towers were found in the strong castles and town defenses of Spain; 
it recalls those architectural monuments of the warring ages of the past; vast piles 
of masonry, which grew with the increments of hundreds of years, amid the conflicts 
of Roman and Goth and Moor and Christian. Thus the archway on the north 
fagade, formerly a gateway, flanked by massive towers round and square, was an 
adaptation of the Puerto del Sol, or Gate of the Sun, of Toledo, one of the famous 
remains of the Moorish dominion in Spain. There is something in the strength of 
the Cordova that recalls to old residents of St. Augustine the coquina defenses 
which once distinguished this locality; opposite the Cordova was the high-walled 
garden of the Spanish Governor with its battery facing the west. The balconies of 
the lower range of windows are the "kneeling balconies" of Seville, so called 
because the protruding base was devised by Michael Angelo to permit the faithful 
to kneel at the passing of religious festivals. 








"HE CORDOVA. 




FORT MARION. 



ORT MARION is at the north end of the sea-wall 1 
and commands the harboi\ It is not occupied by^ 
troops. Open daily (admission free) from 8 A, M. 
to 4 P. M. Afternoon is the most pleasant time forr 
visiting the fort. Sergeant George M. Brown, whoi 
is in charge, will conduct visitors through the case--! 
mates. For this service, which is entirely voluntary, a feei 
is usually given. The fort, which is the only example off 



' ""^'^'^ '^^^ -^ mediaeval fortification on this continent, is a magnificentt 

specimen of the art of military engineering as developed at the time of its construe- - 
tion. It is a massive structure of coquina stone, with curtains, bastions, moat and 
outworks, covering, with the reservation, more than twenty-two acres. 

Surrounding the fort on the three land sides is an immense artificial hill of earth, 
called the g/aci's. From the crest of the glacis on the southeast, a bridge (i), formerly ^j 
a drawbridge, leads across part of the moat to the barbacan. The barbacan is a for 
tification, surrounded by the moat, directly in front of the fort entrance, which it was 5 
designed to protect. In the barbacan at the stairway (2) are the Arms of Spain. K\ 
second bridge (3), originally a drawbridge, leads from the barbacan across the wide 
moat to the sally-port (4), which is the only entrance to the fort. This was provided 
with a heavy door called thQ portcullis. On the outer wall, above the sally-port is the 
esrutrheon. bearing the Arms of Spain; and the Spanish legend, which read: 

REYNANDO EN ESPANA EL SENR 
DON FERNANDO SEXTO Y SIENDO 
GOVoR Y CAPN DE ES^ C^ San AUGn DE 
LA FLORIDA E SUS PROVa EL MARESCAL 
DE CAMPO DnALONZO FERNdo HEREDA 
ASI CONCLUIO ESTE CASTILLO EL AN 

OD 1756 diri^endo las obras el 

CAP INGNro DN PEDRO DE BROZAS 
Y GARAY 

Translation: "Don Ferdinand VI., being King- of Spain, and the Field Marshal Don Alonzo 
Fernando Hereda being Governor and Captain-General of this place, San Augustin of Florida, and its 
province, this fort was finished in the year 1756. The works were directed by the Captain-Engineer, 
Don Pedro de Brozas of Garay." 




f- 



o 

H 
en 
< 

n 

< 
g 

3 
a 
o 



krf* 



'i- 


vi , 


v/. 





JL 



42 The Standard Guide. 

The inscription lias been almost obliterated by the elements. Its present condi' 
tion is admirably shown in the illustration on the opposite page. 

At the second drawbridge we come face to face with the main entrance, surmounted by a tableii 
bearing an inscription and the Spanish Coat of Arms. ' It seems to be two dragons, two houses for th(t 
dragons, and a supply of mutton liung up below,' said Sara irreverently making game of the roya^ 
insignia of Spain. — Constance Feniinore Woolsoii. I 

Within the fort on the right of the entrance hall (5) is the old bake room (6), an6 
beyond this are two dark chambers (7 and 8), which were probably used for storages 
On \h.&\&iX.\^\h& guards room (7 left). The hall opens upon a large square couri 

(103 by 109 feet). Aroundi 
this court are casemates (lo)] 
or rooms which were used foD 
barracks, messrooms, store-- 
rooms, etc. Some of these 
casemates were divided intC' 
lower and upper apartments,,- 
To each casemate on the 
west side a beam of light isi, 
admitted through a narrow 
window or embrasure^ highl 
up near the arched ceiHng.) 
From the first east casemate^ 
a door leads back into an in- 
terior dark room (9). Fromii 
the furthest casemate (11) oni 
the same side an entrance! 
leads back into a dark cham-i 
ber (12), off from which a; 
narrow passage leads throughl 
a wall 5 feet deep into a; 
space 6 feet wide; and fromi 
this a low aperture 2 feet 
square gives access throughl 
another wall 5 feet deep, intoi 
an innermost vault or cham- 
ber (14), which is 19^ feet! 
long, 13^ feet broad, and 8 j 
feet high. The arched roof ^ 
is of solid masonry. There is no other outlet than the single aperture. This is the fan 
famed " dungeon " of Fort Marion. It was designed for a powder magazine or a bomb-i 
proof. When the fort was in repair the chamber was dry and fit for use as a safei 
deposit for explosives; but when the water from above percolated through the coquina,i 
this bomb-proof or powder magazine became damp and unwholesome. For this; 
reason it was no longer used except as a place to throw rubbish into. Then it bred:il 




PLAN OF FORT MARION. 
From Old St. A ugustine. 
I, bridge from barbacan to glacis. 2, stairway to barbacan, 3, bridge over 
moat. 4, sally-port. 5, hall. 6, bake room. 7, 8, dark rooms. 7 (left) guards' 
room. 9, interior dark room. 10, 10, casemates. 11, casemate. :2, interior 
darkroom. 14, bomb proof. 15, chapel. 16, darkroom. 10a, treasurer's room. 
IOC, casemate from which Coacoochee escaped. B, bastion. W, water-tower. 



The Standard Guide. 



4: 



fevers, and finally, as a sanitary measure, the Spaniards walled it up, and the middle 
room (12) as well. They did this in the readiest way by closing the entrance with 
' coquina masonry. When the United States came into possession of the fort the 
' officers stationed here did not suspect the existence of these disused chambers, 
\ although among the residents of the town were men who had knowledge of them, 
; and of their prosaic use as a deposit for rubbish. One of these residents, who was 
still living in 1888, related to the writer his recollection of the disused powder maga- 
' zine, as he was familiar with it when he was a boy employed at the fort. In 1S39 the 






TO-DAY TOUCHING HANDS WITH YESTERDAY. 



masonry above the middle chamber caved in, and while the engineers were making 
repairs, the closed entrance to the innermost chamber was noticed, and investigation 
led to its discovery. Refuse and rubbish were found there. The report was given 
put — whether at the time or later — that in this rubbish were some bones. From this 
insignificant beginning the myth-makers evolved first the tale that the bones were 
human; then they added a rusty chain and a staple in the wall — a gold ring on one 
skeleton's finger- — -instruments of torture — iron cages — a pair of boots — and a Spanish 
Inquisition tale of horror. The guide books of ten years ago were devoted chiefly 
to the dungeon story. Writers from St. Augustine have rung the changes on it; 
ive quote some of them and by way of comment add a paragraph from " Old St. 
A-Ugustine:" 



44 



The Standard Gztide, 



In oPiC of them [the two chambers] a wooden machine was found, which some supposed might 
have been a racl-;, and in the other a quantity of human bones. — William CiilL-n Bryant (1842). 

A human skeleton, with the fragments of a pair of boots and an empty mug for water, it is alleged, 
were discovered within. * * * As to the name, character, standing, guilt or innocence, pleasures , 
or pain, of the poor unfortunate to whom the boots and bones belonged, there is silence. — Rev. R. K. 
Sc7i<all{i'Qjfi>). 

There was found in one corner of it a human skeleton, the soles of a pair of shoes, and an earthen 
jug and cup. Not a single other object did its naked, shiny, arched walls cover. — Chas. Lanman (1854). 

Legends connected with the dark chambers and prison vaults, the chains, the instruments of tor- 
ture, the skeletons walled in, its closed and hidden recesses. — Geo. A. Fairbanks (1858). 

The incident, even if true, might well be spared. Who thinks otherwise has strangely misread the 
history of the changing fortunes which tiansformed the Indian council house into the fort of logs, and 
have converted Spain's proudly equipped fortress into this massive pile of crumbling masonrv. — Old St. ■ 

Facing the court on the 
north was the chapel (15). 
Its waUs and ceihng, and 
altars and niches, are bright 
with mould and moss and 
lichen. Strange mutations 
have come to town and fort 
since the room was dis- 
mantled of its ornaments. 
The elaborate portico of the 
chapel was the most preten- 
tious bit of architecture of 
the fort ; but it has so crum- 
bled away that its form can 
no longer be traced. In the 
wall outside, above the chapel 
door, the French astrono- 
mers, who came here in 1879 
to observe the transit of 
Venus, have left a marble 
tablet in commemoration of 
the visit. 

In the northwest bastion 
is another dark room (16). 
Some of these dark dun- 
geons of the fort have been 
used at different times for 
the confinement of prisoners. 
Patriots from Charleston were confined here by the British in the Revolution 
the Spaniards kept the famous outlaw McGirth in one of these cells five years* 
and there are old people in St. Augustine to day who will tell of pallid convicts led 




CHAl'EL ENTRANCE AND CASEMATES. 



4-5 The Standard Guide. 

from the fort dungeons to execution. At the close of the last war refractory soldier.^ 
were punished by solitary confinement in these cells. Casemate \oc is known as 
"Coacoochee's cell," and is famous as the one from which that chief escaped. Coa- 
coochee and Osceola, two of the most influential chiefs of the Seminoles in the war 
which began in 1835, were imprisoned in Fort Marion. Coacoochee resolved upjn 
escape. His subsequent account of the affair was as follows : 

We had been growing sickly from day to day, and so resolved to make our escape, or die in the 
attempt. V/e were in a room eighteen or twenty feet square. All the light admitted was through a 
hole (embrasure) about eighteen feet from the floor. Through this we must effect our escape, or 
remain and die with sickness. A sentinel was constantly posted at the door. As we looked at it from 
our beds, we thought it small, but believed that, could we get our heads through, we should have no 
further nor serious difficulty. To reach the hole was the first object. In order to effect this, we from 
time to time cut up the forage bags allowed us to sleep on and made them into ropes The hole I 
could not reach when upon the shoulder of my companion ; but while standing upon his shoulder I 
worked a knife into a crevice of the stonework as far up as I could reach, and upon this I raised myself 
to the aperture, when I found that, with some reduction of person, I could get through. In order to 
reduce ourselves as much as possible, we took medicine five days. Under the pretext of being very 
sick, we were permitted to obtain the roots we required. For some weeks we watched the moon, in 
order that the night of our attempt it should be as dark as possible. At the proper time we commenced 
the medicine, calculating upon the entire disappearance of the moon. The keeper of this prison, on 
the night determined upon to make the effort, annoyed us by frequently coming into the room, and 
talking and singing. At first we thought of tying him and putting his head in a bag ; so that, should 
he call for assistance, he could not be heard. We first, however, tried the experiment of pretending to 
be asleep, and when he returned to pay no regard to him. This accomplished our object. He came 
in and went immediately out, and we could hear him snore in the immediate vicinity of the door. I 
then took the rope, which we had secreted under our bed, and, mounting upon the shoulder of my 
comrade, raised myself by the knife worked into the crevice of the stone, and succeeded in reaching the 
embrasure. Here 1 made fast the rope that my friend might follow me. I then passed through the 
hole a sufficient length of it to reach the ground upon the outside (about twenty-five feet), in the ditch. 
I had calculated the distance when going for roots. With much difficulty I succeeded in getting my 
head through, for the sharp stones took the skin off my breast and back. Putting my head through 
first, I was obliged to go down head foremost until my feet were through, fearing every moment the 
rope would break. At last, safely on the ground, I awaited with anxiety the arrival of my comrade. I 
had passed another rope through the hole, which, in the event of discovery, Talmus Hadjo was to pull, 
as a signal to me from the inside that he was discovered and could not come As soon as I struck 
the ground, I took hold of the signal for intelligence from my friend. The night was very dark. Two 
men passed near me, talking earnestly, and I could see them distinctly. Soon I heard the struggle of 
my companion far above me. He had succeeded in getting his head through, but his body would 
come no further. In the lowest tone of voice I urged him to throw out his breath, and then try; soon 
after he came tumbling down the whole distance. For a few moments I thought him dead. I dragged 
him to some water close by which restored him ; but his leg was so lame he was unable to walk. I 
took him upon my shoulder to a scrub, near the town. Daylight was just breaking ; it was evident we 
must move rapidly. I caught a mule in the adjoining field, and, making a bridle out of my sash, 
mounted my companion, and started for the St. John's River. The mule was used one day; but, fear- 
ing the whites would track us, we felt more secure on foot in the hammock, though moving very slow 
Thus we continued our journey five days, subsisting on roots and berries, when I joined my band, thc'i 
assembled on the headwaters of the Tomoka River, near the Atlantic coast. 

Coacoochee finally surrendered and was removed to Arkansas with his people. 
Osceola was removed to Fort Moultrie, Charleston, where shortly after he died. 



The Standard Gtiide. 



47 




THE SEMINOLE CHIEF OSCEOLA. 
From the Cathn portrait^ painied at Fort Moultrie^ Charleston. 



From the court a stone ascent leads up to the terreplein of the tamparts. This 
ascent was originally an inclined plane for artillery. 

At the outer angle of each bastion (B) is a sentry box (W), that on the northwest 
(25 feet high) being also a watch tower for looking to seaward. Distance from corner 
to corner, 317 feet. The four walls of the fort between the bastions are the curtains. 
There are four equal bastions and four equal curtains. The walls of the fort are 
9 feet thick at base, 4% at top, and 25 feet high, above the present moat level, 
Battlements similar to those on the other sides formerly defended the east (water) 
i side of the ramparts. The bastions are filled with earth, and there is no foundation 



48 



The Standard Guide. 





MENF.NDEZ. 



tion; it was built by the United States in 1842. 



for the romantic tale of a sub- 
terranean passageway which 
formerly led from the southwest 
bastion to a neighboring con- 
vent. The fort is surrounded 
by a moat, 40 feet wide. It 
was formerly deeper than at 
present, with a perfectly ce- 
mented concrete floor, and was 
flooded from the bay at high 
tide. Running along the outer 
edge of the moat are narrow 
level spaces called covered-ways ; 

1 and wider levels called places- 
of-arms, where artillery was 
mounted and the troops gath- 
ered, protected by the outer 
wall or parapet, from which 
slopes the glacis. The fortifi- 
cation of stone [water battery) 
in front is of modern construc- 

The small urick building [hot shot 



furnace) \x\ the moat between the east curtain and the water dates from 1844. 




SAN JUAN DE PINUS. 



The Standard Quia 



49 






\-d.-V- 




THE SIEGE BY FRANCIS DRAKE. 



In different forms 
and bearing different 
names, St. Augus- 
tine's fort has been 
established more than 
three centuries. For 
two hundred years 
the fort was St. Aug- 
ustine, and St. Aug- 
ustine was Florida. 
The old maps show 
St. Augustine with its 
fortifications as the 
most important point 
in North America; 
and the historians 
have left us many an 
interesting picture of 
the fort in peace and 

war. First a rude and temporary structure of logs, it was expanded in plan and 

magnitude until there developed the stone fortress of 1756. Pedro Menendez, the 

founder of St. Augustine in 1565, utilized the Indian council-house as a defense 

against the threatened attack by the Huguenots from Fort Caroline on the St. John's 

River. After his heartless massacre of the shipwrecked French at Matanzas Inlet, 

the cruel Spaniard stood in just 

fear of the coming of a fleet from 

Spain; and he set about the build- 
ing of a regular fort of logs. This 

was the Fort San Juan de Pinos 

shown by Montanus, in his curious 

representation of St. Augustine 

with a background of hills. In 

those days there was a lookout 

tower on Anastasia Island, whence 

the watchers signalled to those in 

■the fort the welcome coming of 

ships from Old Spain, or the 

dreaded approach of a hostile 

fleet. A token of weal or woe, in 

those days the signal flagon Anas- 
tasia Island was as eagerly watched 

bythe Spaniards ashore as evernow 

the light is looked for by ships at 

sea. In 1586, twenty years after 



and. its M ar b o u r'. 




4 I>rau4ht cf 



I'Ae Tan-it 

f' JnAian- church 










om^ :^£il£ 








IN THE OLD DAYS. 



5C 



The Standard Guide. 



AViEWoixVQ 7'OrrjVand C^SrZ./7 of S^AUGUSTINE 
aud the ENGLISH CAMP before it June 20. 1740. by THO^ STLVER 



^i^i^ 




the town was established, the lookout attracted the notice of the English sea-king, 
Francis Drake, sailing along the coast with his fleet of high-pooped ships, on his way- 
home from pillaging the cities of the Spanish Main; and he tarried long enough to 
ransack St. Augustine, and destroy by fire what he could not bear off. In the fort, 

which was built of 
huge pine logs, and 
was known to the 
Englishmen as S. 
John's Fort, they 
found "thirteene or 
fourteen e great 
peeces of brass ord- 
inance and a chest 
unbroken up, hav- 
ing in it the value 
of some two thous- 
and pounds sterl- 
ing, by estimation, 
of the King's treas- 
ure, to pay the soul- 
diers of that place, 
who were ahundred 
and fiftie men." De 
Bry's spirited sketch 
of the assault, by 
an artist on the spot, 
is copied here from 
the rare original. 
When the Spaniards 
discovered the co- 
quina (shell-stone) 
quarries they 
undertook the 
building of a fort 
of stone. When the 
dreaded Boucaniers 
descended upon St. 
Augustine in 1665, 
the fort was not in 
a condition to offer 
resistance, and gar- 
rison and towns- 
people fled in ter- 
ror into the woods. 



KTIt E uUsh. So atlTrt rh » 1 Ih I im // Man r 

B liMtrsk from, n^t^fia; »e pla ed ttith C hnrru 

C Eusfatia Island, which ls duefiy Sand, ic buxltes 

D Siiiiors hu^'Utig Cannon- in reuctv of ihe CastU 

K A NonI, Trench 3 ice Mortar of !4 I 10 o^ 

V G<»n' O^ethorp's SoUUerj Injdnuu i Sailors TtJUS 

G A Lookout uiherv the 12'*^of Jane 

U Soldiers and SaQors landing .liuu the Wf^ 

I A Sand Battery tfuited az ouc apriroarh 

H Cap' Warrea commander over the Stulurs hOLrting 

the Fawn Flag on board 'a< Schooner 
L 77if Sailors wells to Water the Shipiang 
Shins ' ^"^^^rcugti. 2 Sector, .1 Squirrel, 

^ 4 Tartar. & rhantx. 
tloops 6 Wolf, 7 Spencf. 

Emplay'ii. tn thAJ Esveddwri. ahouj SOf SenJTuir^ 
WO Soldiers and WO liaialluy 

Forces of thc.^uamoctls 1000 basuir.^ n, strong CdstU 
a/ut ^ Fortd^td Barhs and a. SluiUow Jiwrr fundrvuf 
our Shifpings FUi^ag ba th£tn 






5 Ai ^tistme Jurt L'^Kerej med by tha 
' rs r*te Phgnlt Cap Fonshaw the l^inar 
lit Squirrel CapS Wiirren of 20 Guns eadt, be ■ 
ence Sloop Cap^Zcutr, and Ihe Wolf CapTDandrige,. 
" CoL Tandjer Dnsen wiih JOO Carolina Soldiers appeariii 
1^ Ihe. Town. On the S^ tieaMiSlfrhor^e eamebySea 

rof 



■hich. 



anehetred in their Sarbourjust out of Cannen shot td 
I dAe Saihirs werf empl/o'ed iiv landing tfrdnatux an, 
wuhin Reneh of the Enemys Cannon., thiy which. Oeeeisii 

t General stunenon'd the Governonr to Surrender, wt 
should be c/Uid bf ihidee hands with him in his Ca-ttle 



9Spaj 



vuher obliged the men of B 
l^een laded. Heraipt 






r tapat to sax outoFw^ 



theSiegf was raised. 



THE SIEGE BY OGLETHORPE. 



The Standard Guide. 



5' 



The walls are built of coquina," which in its day was considered a very excellent 
material for this purpose, since cannon balls would sink into the wall without shatter- 
ing it as they would harder stone. On the sea front of the southwest bastion are a 
number of crevices, which, according to local tradition, were caused by British cannon 
balls from the opposite shore when the fort was besieged by Oglethorpe. 

When the colony of Carolina was established the English grant extended so far 
south that it actually took in St. Augustine. The Spaniards, on the other hand, dis- 
puted England's right to any part of the 
continent whatever, and for the half 
century succeeding, Spanish expeditions 
sailed against the English colonies, and 
British expeditions came against St. 
Augustine. Governor Moore of Caro- 
lina led his forces against the town in 
1702, but was repulsed and driven back. 
When Oglethorpe brought out his 
Georgia colony, the Spaniards resented 
the new encroachments upon their ter- 
ritory, and the two colonies were at 
constant war. In 1740 Oglethorpe cap- 
tured the Spanish forts on the St. 
John's, and then, while his land forces 
besieged the town on the north, his 
naval contingent landed on Anastasia 
Island, and for forty days bombarded 
Fort San Marco. The townspeople took 
refuge in the fort, where they nearly 
starved before the siege was finally 
lifted. The Georgia general at length became discouraged and withdrew. 

In those days of crude weapons, the coquina bastions were capable of withstand- 
ing a much more serious attack than that of Oglethorpe's batteries; but the art of war 
has changed since then and Fort Marion's coquina would quickly be shattered by the 
artillery of the present. Shortly after commg into the possession of the United States, 
the fort was named Fort Marion, in honor of the famous Revolutionary hero. General 
a rancis Marion. 




GENERAL MARION. 



Writing from St. Augustine, William CuUen Bryant criticised this as "a foolish change of name." 
But why foolish? If Moultrie is thus honored, and Sumter the " Game Cock," why not Marion the 
"Swamp Fox?" Is it not the veriest romance of history that the Spanish fortress planted here by 
Menendez, the hunter of French Huguenots, should at last yield up its saintly name for that of a hero 
in whose veins flowed the blood of other Huguenot exiles? And is it not the final justice of time that 
the British stronghold, within whose dungeons rebellious Patriots were immured, should receive from 
the nation which those prisoners helped to establish, the honored name of one who endured with them 
the perils and privations of its cause, and won with them the final glorious triumph? — " Old St. Augus- 
tine," Fort Marion. 



ST FRANCIS BARRACKS. 




1 \^/ 



"?> 



OMPLEMENTING the battlements and watch-towers of Fort 
Marion on the north, the St. Francis Barracks stand out con- 
spicuously at the south end of the sea-wall facing the Matanzas. 
The}^ are occupied by United States troops. The out-door 
f /\j concerts given by the military band, the dress-parades and the 
guard mount at sunset on the parade in front of the barracks 
are among the attractions of St. Augustine. j 

Almost continuously since it was founded by the mailed j 
soldiers of Menendez, St. Augustine has been a military sta- ■ 
tion. Under Spanish rule it was little else than a garri- . 
son post. When the British came, they emulated the martial 
spirit of their predecessors, and on the plain south of the town, j 
with bricks brought from the banks of the Hudson River, erected a huge barrack, f 
which cost a tremendous sum, and shortly after completion went up in smoke. \ 

St. Francis Barracks take their name from the Franciscan convent, whose former . 
site they occupy. The convent was abandoned when Florida was ceded to Great 
Britain in 1763; and when Spain resumed possession of the town, in 1783, it was 
utilized by the Spanish Governor as barracks for his troops. The old building has 
been greatly modified by the United States Government, although not entirely rebuilt; . 
and some of the original coquina walls of the convent remain. ' 

To Florida with the adventurer had come the missionary; one to win treasure, the other to win 
souls. The gold-seeker returned from his quest chagrined; not so the Franciscan. He found here a 
field vast beyond reckoning; and, waiting to be gathered, a harvest more precious than had been pictured 
in the fondest dream of his pious enthusiasm. The military prestige of Florida soon faded away, but 
year by year its religious importance increased; and ever, with the expansion of his work, the Francis- 
can's zeal grew more intense and his labors more devoted. The country was in time erected into a 
religious province, with a chapter house of the Order of San Francisco at San Augustin; and thence the 
members went forth to plant the standard of their faith in the remotest wilderness. Far out on the 
border of savanna, in the depth of forest, and on the banks of river and lake, by the side of the Indian 
trails westward to the Gulf, north among the villages of Alachua, and south to everglade fastnesses; 
here and there, and everywhere that lost souls were worshipping strange gods, the Franciscan built his 
chapel, intrenched it round about with earthwork and palisade, and gathered the erring children of the 
forest to hear the wondrous story of the Cross.—" 0/d St. Augustine" The Franciscans. 

A short distance south of the Barracks is the Military Cemetery. An admission 



■ki 



The Standm^d Guide. 




BRITISH ST. AUGUSTINE. 
Showing Sea Wall extending to " The Parade," and Convent on present barracks siteo 

pass is required and may be had on application to tlie adjutant of the post, whose 
office is opposite the Barracks. In the cemetery are the three low pyramids of 
masonry forming the tombs of officers and men who lost their lives in the Seminole 
War. The memorial shaft is comm.only spoken of as " Dade's Monument," because 
more than one hundred of the soldiers interred here were those who perished in the 
" Dade Massacre." This was one of the most tragic incidents of the Seminole War. 

In August, 1835, Major Dade and a command of troops, no all told, were on their way from Fort 
Brooke to Fort King. At half past nine o'clock, Tuesday morning, August 28, they were marching 
through an open pine barren, four miles from the Great Wahoo Swamp. The bright sun was shining; 
flowers bloomed along the path; gay butterflies flitted about them; the silence was broken only by the 
yEolian melody of the pines. The men were marching carelessly, with no suspicion of danger, where 
surely no foe could lurk. Suddenly, without an instant's warning — from pine, from palmetto scrub, 
J from the very grass at their feet — burst upon them the shrill 

war-whoop, the flashing and crackling of rifles, and the whist- 
ling, deadly rain of bullets. Sixty of the troops fell mortally 
wounded. The rest rallied: trained the cannon, and attempted 
to form breastworks of logs; but in vain. In quick succession, 
one after another, they fell. Had the earth yawned to swallow 
them like the army of Korah, the obliteration could have been 
little more complete. Of the no, three, miserably wounded, 
dragged themselves away, two soon after to die of their wounds. 
— " Old St. Augustine " The Seminole. 

The pyramids are stuccoed and devoid of ornamentation. 
The inscriptions read: " Sacred to the memory of the OfFiceis 
~ and Soldiers killed in battle and died on service during the 

Florida War This monument has been erected in token of respectful and affectionate remem- 

brance by their comrades of all grades, and is committed to the care and preservation of the garrison 
of St. Augustine." 




ST. ANASTASIA ISLAND. 







FRONT of the town, between bay and ocean, lies the 
Island of St. Anastasia. It is a favorite resort for excur- 
sion parties, and has many attractions for the tourist. 
The most pleasant time for a visit is the afternoon. The 
route is by ferryboat from Central Wharf and then by 
railway from the opposite shore across to the beach. 
The light-house is usually open to visitors; and when 
convenient to do so, the keeper in charge, or assist- 
ant, will accompany parties to the tower, whence a magni- 
"^ ficent and far-extending view is afforded over sea and 

land. The light-house is 150 feet in height from base to light tower, the lamp being 
165 feet above sea level. Eight flights of spiral staircases lead to the tower. The 
light, technically classed as of the first-order, is a fixed white and revolving or flash 
light, flashing once every 3 minutes, visible 19 miles. The lamp itself is stationary, 
and the actual intensity of its flame does not change. The variability of the light is 
secured by the revolution of a glass lantern provided with a series of powerful lenses 
or gigantic bull's-eyes, each one sending out a great beam of light. The constant 
and steady beam from each lense revolves with the lantern. From St. Augustine at 
night this beam may distinctly be seen stretching out into the darkness, as it wheels 
in mighty revolutions about the tower. 

The purpose of the variability of the light is to render it distinguishable from 
other lights on the coast. Thus, while the St. Augustine light is a fixed white light 
varied by a flash every 3 minutes, the St. John's River light, the next one north, is a 
fixed white light; and the Cape Canaveral light, the next one south, flashes every 
minute. The black and white spiral stripes, which make the tower look like a gro- 
tesque Brobdingnagian barber's pole, serve to distinguish it from others by daylight; 
the tower of the St. John's River light is red, that of the Cape Canaveral light has 
black and white horizontal bands. 

The present light-house was built in 1872-3, to take the place of an older coquina 
structure, whose ruins may be seen on the shore a short distance northeast. The 
iatter has commonly, though incorrectly, been called the "old Spanish light- house." 



The Standard Guide. 



57 



Anastasia Island extends from St. Augustine south twelve miles to Matanzas 
Inlet, where are the picturesque ruins of an old Spanish fort; for this was one of the 
sea approaches to the town, and the Don must needs put a garrison there to 
defend it. 

The inlet of Matanzas takes its name from the Spanish word viatanza (signifying 
slaughter) in commemoration of the massacre of the Huguenots which occurred here 
in 1565. No event in American history possesses more of tragedy and pathos than 
the martyrdom of these Frenchmen, who had left their homes in France to establish 
in the new world a refuge from the religious persecutions of their native land, but 




RUINS 0/ THE MATANZAS FORT. 

found in Florida the intolerance trom which they had fled, and perished at last by 
the hand of a bigot. 

The French, stationed at their Fort Caroline, on the River May (St. John's), 
having left a few of their number to garrison the fort, set sail against the Spaniards, 
arrived off the bar of St. Augustine, and were driven to the south by a storm. The 
Spanish leader Menendez then led a force overland to the St. John's, surprised Fort 
Caroline and killed most of the garrison — a few of the French escaping to their ships. 
Upon his return to St. Augustine, Menendez learned that the French fleet had been 
wrecked. He proceeded south to this inlet, discovered the Frenchmen on the other 
side, and by false promises induced them to surrender and deliver up their arms. 
Then he sent them boats, brought them over, in small bands at a time, bound them, 
blindfolded them, led them behind the sand hills, and in the name of religion put 
them to death. The shores of the inlet have been modified by the action of the sea 

I in the three hundred years which have elapsed since that occurrence; it is useless to 

.speculate as to the exact locality where the tragedy took place. 



GUN AND ROD. 




AME and fish have always been among the attractions of St. 
Augustine; and, although the supply has been diminished 
of late years, there is still abundant reward for the pur- 
suit. Sportsmen and anglers who visit the Rangeleys, the 
Adirondacks and the St. Lawrence in summer, repair to 
Florida in the winter. There are men, who when fish are 
to be caught in Florida waters would no more stay in the 
North than the robins and bluebirds. Dr. C. J. Kenworthy, 
of Jacksonville, himself an ardent angler, tells a good story of a New York physician 
who, some winters ago, when there was _vellow fever in one of the Gulf Coast towns, 
deliberately set out to run the quarantine and make his wa}' into the fever district 
because it was time for fish to rise to his fly. 

Rod and reel, gun and field dogs are familiar obj.ects in St. Augustine. Among 
the sporting dogs remembered by many quail hunters was the well known Bran. 
This dog was once, while hunting quail, struck by a rattlesnake. He was saved by 
the skillful treatment of Dr. H. Caruthers, but only to meet a fate as harsh, for Bran 
perished in the flames where he was chained in the great St. Augustine Hotel fire of 
1887. The smoking room of the Ponce de Leon Hotel counts among its ornaments a 
magnificent set of antlers, which bear testimony to the luck of a Tarrytown. New 
York, physician, to whom is credited the unusual experience of having brought down 
his deer, on an Adirondack runway, with a shotgun, loaded with No. 4 shot for 
grouse. Florida deer are of smaller size than the northern deer, but they are built to 
go just as fast. 

The unlovely alligator is represented at St. Augustine chiefly in infantile stages 
of discouraged development in the curiosity shops, waiting to be done up in segar 
boxes and mailed to the north. Wilder and more ferocious specimens are occasion- 
ally encountered in adjacent waters. The alligator holds on with most commendable 
tenacity, despite the fact that every man's hand is against him, and always has been 
against him, if vje are to credit Le Moyne, who came here with the French in 1563. 

In the Brevis Xarratio is given a drawing of tlie native Florida mode of hunting, and it is de- 
scribed as follows: They wage war on the crocodiles in this manner: By the bank of the river they' 
build a little hut full of chinks and holes, in which is stationed a sentinel who can hear and see the 
crocodiles a great way of. Pressed by hunger they come up out of the water in search of prey, failing- 
to find which they give forth a horrible roar that may be heard for half a mile. Then the sentinel calls 
the others who are ready; and ten or twelve of them, bearing a huge pole, hurry to intercept the 
gigantic monster (his jaws expanded to seize and swallow some one of them), and with great agility, 
holding the sharp end of the pole as high as possible, they plunge it into his maw, whence because of 
its roughness and the scaly bark he cannot eject it. Then turning the crocodile over on his back, they 
belabor his belly, which is softer, with clubs, and shoot arrows into it and open it; the back is impen- 



The Standard Gttidc. 



oi 



etrable because of the hard scales, the more so if it be an old one. This is the Indians' way of hunt- 
ing crocodiles, to whom they are such inveterate foes that night and day they are on the watch for them, 
not less than we for our most hostile enemies. 

According to the artist's delineations of the mammoth specimens found here in 
those good old times, three hundred years ago, their descendants are certainly a sorry 
and deo-enerate race. But no one was ever heard to complain of the small propor- 
tions of an alligator he had killed; they are all huge and savage in the telling; it 
takes a very small saurian to make a big story; and men are living to-day who 
could give T.e Moyne points on Florida alligators. 




\ 



INDIAN MODE OF HUNTING ALLIGATORS IN FLORIDA. 
From Le MoynSs Narrative of the French Expedition in 1563, 

The list of fishes taken in the vicinity is a generous one. Sheepshead are caught 
off the St. Sebastian bridge, from the docks, and wherever there are submerged 
timbers or rocks. Favorite fishing grounds are at Matanzas. Baits used: clam, crab, 
fiddler, conch; the best time for fishing is from half- flood to high water. The whit- 
ing is baited for with clam, crab or pieces of mullet or other fish. Sea bass, or channel 
bass (also called redfish), are in great abundance in summer, and in fair supply in 
spring, when they are caught in the surf with rod or hand-line. The rods are employed 
chiefly by anglers from abroad. The local method is for the fisherman to wade out 
into the surf, having his line coiled to run freely from his left hand, then, swinging 
bait and sinker around his head, he hurls it out into the surf, and, when he hooks a 
fish, pujs the line over his shoulder and runs at full speed up the beach, hauling 



62 



The Standard Gznde. 



fish high and dry after him. This mode may not partake of the high art of anghng, 
but it is pursued with enthusiasm, and the worst that can be said about it is that to 
stand for hours up to one's hips in the ocean is in March or April conducive to rheu- 
matism. The bait for bass is shrimp, crab or mullet. Salt-water trout are caught ini 
great abundance in the Matanzas and its tributary waters north of town; and in thai 
St, Sebastian from the bridge and the wharves, Tney take the fly; baits used are^ 
shrimps and mullet. Other varieties found here comprise blackfish, flounder, red 

snapper, black grouper, , 
cavalli or crevalle, sailor's i 
choice or hogfish, croaker, , 
black grunt, skipjack err 
young bluefish, and jewfishi 
which attain a weight of 200 ) 
and 300 lbs. The water ver- 
min include sharks, catfish, 
garfish, angelfish, rays, on 
skates, toadfish and like un- 
pleasing forms of creation, j 
Some one or the other of I 
them is sure to turn up on 
the end of a line cast for 
nobler fish; and the "patient 
angler" who manifests his 
patience in waiting for a 
bite is a very ordinary indi- 
vidual compared with the : 
angelic being who can pre- 
serve his equanimity when a 
shark makes way with his 
tackle, or his expectant gaze 
is greeted by the open coun- 
tenance of skate or toadfish. 
Drum fishing grounds are at 
Moultrie, five miles below 
town, and at certain local- 
ities known to the market 
fisherman in the North River. The drumfish is distinguished as a fish that may be 
fished for longer without a bite than any other game fish that swims. 

It was time for drumming, the magic hour between the fall of the ebb and the rise of the flood, 
for this delightful sport, whose praises and superior enchantments over all others in the Walton }in3 .T 
had so often heard spoken with such rapture by the mouth of a North Island and Beaufort man; the 
noble nature of the fish, his size and strength — thj slow approach which he makes at first to the hook, 
like a crab, then the sudden overwhelming transport that comes over you when you feel him dashinp- 
boldly oif with the line, threatening to drag you after him and upset your frail boat. How charming 
his resisting wait, comparable only to the intoxication and gentle rapture one experiences when pulling 
along a lass through a Virginia reel. — "Sketch of Seiniiiok War" (1836). 




KNOWS WHERE TO GO FISHIN'. 
From the Forest and Stream.. 




THE EAST COAST„ 



EYOND St. Augustine, going by tiie East Coast line, one finds 
i little to interest him in the monotonous stretch of piny flat- 
woods and palmetto scrub, until at the distance of about fifty 
£^ miles the road deflects to Ormond. And now the scene 
■- changes. A new Florida begins, as unlike the dreary, 
sandy flatwoods as they are unlike the rolling hill and lake 
country. Ormond is situated on the Halifax River, and also on 

the Atlantic beach^ the two being separated by a peninsula a half-mile wide. The 

Halifax belongs to that system of inland waters which are more properly termed 

lagoons. They are fed by inlets from the sea and extend from a little below St. 

Augustine to Lake Worth. These lagoons, commonly known as the Indian River, 

make a continuous stretch of the loveliest water 

scenery for more than 250 miles, and when Bis- 

cayne Bay shall be united with Lake Worth, an 

uninterrupted water excursion of 350 miles will 

combine more of fascinating variety and beauty 

than any other in the United States. These con- 
nected inland waters vary from weird and twisting 

narrows 100 feet in width, to spreading lake-like 

expanses from three to six miles wide. Sometimes 

they look out of inlets upon the ocean, and again 

into the mouths of winding creeks or fresh-water 

rivers that break the western shore. At one point 

the Lidian River channels separate and wind tor- 
tuously among wooded islands, making one think 

of the lochs of Scotland. Nearly all the way the 

banks on both sides are high, commanding the 

river from elevated bluffs, or gently sloping to the 

stream, and finely situated for the towns or isolated 

residences, which are already scattered all along 

the East Coast and fast increasing in number. 

The population is of the very best, comprising 

representatives of many of the chief cities of the 

United States, a considerable number of well-to-do 

Englishmen, and some from Canada. There is no 

section of the country at large that combines more 

of the enterprising, intelligent, industrious and 

thrifty classes, and many of them wealthy enough 

to push their opportunities to the best advantage. 
It being impossible to describe particularly all 

these towns and settlements, more than fifty of cocoanut palm beach. 




i 



64 



1 he Standard Guide. 



which are designated on the map of the East Coast Railway, let a few prominent 
instances suffice to indicate the peculiar features and remarkable attractions of the 
East Coast. Ormond is the first town struck by the railway after leaving St. Augus- 
tine. For the enjoyment of the tourist Ormond affords a combination of attractions 
second to none on the East Coast. From the Hotel Ormond, fronting the Halifax, 
one looks across the wide river to the beautiful village that skirts the western shore. 
The river is about as wide as the lower Hudson, and looks as majestic, although but 
a shallow lagoon. It is deep enough, however, for steamboats of light draft, and 
populous with all kinds of pleasure craft. The long bridge across the Halifax is a 
favorite resort of skilled fishermen. Fish of many varieties are abundant, among 
them the speckled sea trout, channel bass, cavalle, sheepshead and fresh-water black 

bass in Tomoka River. Sea 
bass weighing from twenty to 
forty pounds are caught in the 
Atlantic surf. Immense turtles, 
able to carry a man standing 
on their backs, as they go back 
to the sea from their nests on 
tJTe beach, are plenty ia the 
spring season. Bears are often 
seen on moonlight nights com- 
ing out of the scrub to hunt 
the turtle eggs, which are laid 
from eighty to a hundred in 
each nest. The eggs are also 
used to flavor the Hotel Co- 
quina muffins ; and nothing is 
more delicate and appetizing 
than the flavor of coquina 
soup, made from the living 
shellfish i^Donaces) that are 
swept up the beach in great 
quantities. Ormond abounds 
in game. Ducks are plenty in 
the headwaters of the Halifax, 
quail in the fields and flat- 
woods ; also wild turkeys and 
deer and not infrequently 
bear's meat are brought into 
the Ormond market. 

The Ormond climate is of 
that medium quality w,hich per- 
mits one to come in October 
and stay until the end of May. 




SENTINEL PAI.METTOES. 



-« .'fct^^i" 









, ' --^ z v^-'ri? :m fell 



"'V- '■'*'>" •*»'? 





M • 






: ■refe'^.y 





COQUINA SHELL STONE. 



66 The Standard Guide. 

^ - ""- - The walks in all directions are singularly attractive, 
being either shelled or planked over sandy spots, 
and provided with numerous rustic seats and 
arbors along the shaded river banks or 
through the trails across the half-mile 
peninsula that connects the river with 
the ocean. 

Ormond is famous for its drives and 
its bicycle paths and beaches. It has 
the advantage of unfailing marl pits, 
which supply the best material for 
roads, smooth and hard as concrete, 
and this is supplemented by great de- 
posits of shell which lie along the river. 
There is no finer beach anywhere on 
the Atlantic shore than at Ormond. It 
is 250 feet wide at mean tide, and ex- 
tends for many miles up and down the coast. It is lively with all sorts of pleasure 
carriages, bicycles and bathers, not to speak of the annual tournament when the cow- 
boys of the interior come in to compete in equestrian sports with the horsemen of 
the coast. The six-horse tally-ho hardly leaves a mark on the smooth surface of this 
magnificent beach. It is attractive also in the variety of beautiful shells that are 
swept up by the high tides. 

The Ormond drives extend also for many miles up and down the high and 
wooded banks of the river through a great wealth of forest trees, flowering shrubs 
and creepers. Vistas of the blue water peep out on the one side, and orange groves 
gleam with golden fruit on 
the other. The drives out 
into the hammocks lying 
directly back of Ormond 
are, if possible, still more 
charming. They thread 
magnificent forests of huge 
live oaks, sprawling their 
crooked giant branches all 
abroad and draped with 
long, swaying pendants of 
gray moss. In close prox- 
imity and as if in rivalry, 
immense magnolias lift 
themselves taller even than 
the oaks. Hard by stand 
the graceful water oaks, and 
pushing between everywhere the walk at rock ledge. 




The Standard Gtcide. 



67 




AN ORMOND DRIVE, 



The Standard Gtiide. 




THE HALIFAX RIVER SHORE. 



the palmetto palms; and all this lavish luxuriance of richly colored foliage is tangled 
with giant creepers, climbing lustily to the very tree tops. In the deep green recesses 
of these rich hammocks, so utterly diverse from the flatwoods that skirt the railways, 
you come upon ruins of ancient chimneys and other appurtenances of old-time sugar 
mills and causeways, built over intervening marshes to connect the great plantations 
that once were worked at large cost of slave labor. These fertile hammocks of deep, 
black soil extend many miles to the southward parallel with the Halifax, and were 
probably in some far back century the bed of a lagoon similar to the present river. 
On these rich, mucky lands are planted some of the finest orange groves in Florida. 

The greatest single attraction of Ormond is the Tomoka Pv.iver, once the chosen 
resort of the Tomoka tribe of Indians. They had the best reasons for their choice. 
Black bass from three to six pounds in weight abound in its deep still waters, and red 
bass are taken near its mouth. Its high wooded bluffs afford dry and picturesque 
camping grounds. Not so much of a curiosity as the Oklawaha twisting its weird ! 
and narrow way through gloomy cypresses, it is yet far more beautiful and accessible. 
Only six miles from the Ormond bridge, and but ten miles long, it can easily be 
reached either by carriage or boat. 

Daytona, twenty miles to south of Ormond, occupies an elevated hammock site 
on a circling arm of the Halifax, whence it looks out upon a bay of singular beauty. 
The natural attractions are many — a clean, hard river shore, shady drives amid oaks 
and palmettoes, and on the ocean side of the peninsula the" well-named Silver Beach. 
Daytona is the chosen winter residence of many wealthy families from the North, who 
have built here the luxurious homes which give to the village its dominant air. 



The Standai^d Guide. 



69 



New Smyrna, three miles further south, on the Hillsborough River, is the old- 
est settlement on the East Coast south of St. Augustine ; and is historically famous 
for the Creek and Minorcan colony, 1,500 strong, established by Dr. Turnbull in 
1767. Turnbull's "castle" or "palace," with its sixteen chimneys, stood on the high 
and vast shell mound which commands the whole adjacent region. It was partly 
destroyed by the Seminole Indians, who drove out the sugar planters and captured 
many of their slaves. Afterward it became a target for Admiral Du Font's fleet, 
which more completely demolished it during the Civil War, leaving, however, the 
grandly solid walls of the old cellar and the capacious wells to indicate its palatial 
extent. All along the river bank for four miles north and three miles south are scat- 
tered the ruins of old Minorcan houses, with coquina stone floors, chimneys and wells 
curbed with hewn stone. The drainage canals, indigo vats and ruins of old sugar 
mills indicate large industries. One of the canals still in use, and dug about 127 
years ago, is twenty-two feet deep and five feet wide. It extends several miles, and 
must have employed an immense amount of hard labor. See note of the Minorcans 
on page 14. A comprehensive and sympathetic chapter of Old St. Augustine is 
devoted to these New Smyrna experiences of the unhappy colonists. Not less 
interesting here also are the ancient ruins of a Spanish dynasty which antedated 
the English possession. The "Rock House," a stately ruin with thick walls and 



f 








ARCHITECTURE OF TURKEY CREEK. 



70 



The Standard Guide. 



well preserved chimney and fireplace, and situated on a high bluff, commands a 
magnificent view of the inlet and ocean and all the surrounding region. A large 
cedar stands in the middle of one of the rooms. It is probably one of the oldest 
structures in the United States. It might have been a military outpost, or a mission 
house, as is indicated by a niche in the wall. 

A much more extensive and imposing ruin lies out in an old field a little way 
west oLthe town, which has until lately been designated as the "Sugar House." It 
was undoubtedly used for this purpose, but the ecclesiastical lines of its foundations, 
and the architectural symmetry and beauty of its walls and arches, plainly indicate an 
earlier religious origin as the seat of a Spanish mission. 

New Smyrna is well worth visiting on its own account, for its hammock and 
water scenery and beach. Mr. W. E. Connor, of New York, owns a beautiful winter 
residence here, with elegant surroundings. Mr. Pierre Lorillard makes New Smyrna 
the winter rendezvous of his house boat and yachts. Thelndian River water system, 
including the Halifax and Hillsborough, Lake Worth and Biscayne Bay, is becoming 
more and more from year to year the abode of ample house boats and pleasure craft 
of all descriptions. The fishing here and at Mosquito Inlet has long been famous. 

From New Smyrna a branch line of the Florida East Coast Railway System runs 
to Blue Spring, on the St. John's River, thirty-two miles west. This is the route to 
De Land and to Lake Helen, a resort of established reputation for the curative 
properties of its natural conditions in cases of pulmonary complaints. 




THE CRACKERS HO^fE. 



The Standard Guide. 



n 




A KIT OF I'INEAPPLE FIELD. 



Passing down the coast, we traverse the famous orange belt of the Indian River. 
A little below New Smyrna was discovered, ninety years ago, the original grove of 
wild sweet oranges, from which buds have been carried all over the State. 

Rockledge is named from the bold coquina ledges which lend a picturesque 
beauty to the shore line. The foot walk for several miles on the high river bank, 
leading through one splendid orange grove to another and past elegant mansions, is 
very fascinating. There is a grand outlook across the river to Merritt's Island, 
which is also populous with villas, groves and gardens. The packing houses from 
which railways carry the orange cars to the piers, from which the fruit steamers pick 
them up, the sail boats and rowboats, often manned by young ladies who feather their 
oars with sailor-like precision, the pedestrian parties one continually meets on the 
river path, the well-contented occupants of the elegant mansions that front the river 
adjoining on their broad verandas, the dolcefar niente leisure of the Rockledge winter 
resident, the orange pickers amid the golden fruit, and the skilled landscape garden- 
ing that emblazons the walks and grounds of the hotels with brilliant tropical flowers, 
all unite to make Rockledge deservedly and permanently popular with winter tourists. 

Leaving Rockledge, about twenty miles further down the river we enter the 
pineapple region at Eau Gallie and Melbourne, which are adjacent to each other, 
and connected as the East Coast points are all along by an almost continuous line of 
settlements fronting the Indian River on both sides, and at the same time within 
hearing of the xVtlantic surf. Either Eau Gallie or Melbourne is a good place at 



72 



The Standard Guide. 



which to study the pineapple culture. This section, extending from Cape Canaveral 
to Bay Biscayne, is the only one on the Florida mainland where the climate, which is 
the main thing, is suitable for the permanent and profitable cultivation of the pine- 
apple out of doors. In this pineapple belt is also found the only suitable land for 
out-of-door and unprotected culture, while very much of it is entirely unsuited for 
pineapples. 

Fort Pierce is to be noted as a winter resort much visited by sportsmen, for 
whose comfort and requirements special provision is here made. Back of Fort 
Pierce is the home of one branch of the Semmole Indians, and they may here often 
be seen trading their alligator skins, plumes and game for ammunition and supplies. 

Lake Worth and Palm Beach. — Southward loo miles from Melbourne is Palm 

f 

Beach, on Lake Worth. Here we enter the cocoanut region and the tropical paradise 
of Florida Lake Worth is a salt-water lagoon like th.e other waters of the Indian 
River system, twenty-two miles long by an average of a mile in width, and separated 
from the Atlantic Ocean by a peninsula of rich hammock and marsh about a mile 
wide. Here is situated the Royal Poinciana, one of the largest hotels in the world, 
and royal indeed in respect both of its entirely unique surroundings and its magnifi- 
cent appointments. Fronting the beautiful lake and commanding also the ocean 
view, it has the peculiar advantage of a lordly grove of cocoanut palms and the finest 
environments of tropical gardening already prepared at lavish cost by a former pro- 
prietor of the site. The magnificent hotel does not stand alone in respect ot such 




SHORE OF THE CRAGIN ESTATE. 




A PALM BEACH OUTLOOK ON LAKE WORTH. 



environments. For several miles along the lake front range other beautiful and 
highly improved estates with similar adornments of cocoanut palms and a great 
variety of other tropical flora. 

It is quite impossible to give any adequate description of the peculiar and un- 
paralleled attractions of Lake Worth. It is unlike any other part of this very unique 
and dissimilar State of Florida. Lake Worth, writes a correspondent of Forest and 
Stream, is a salt-water lagoon, about twenty-two miles long and one mile wide, 
formed by the ocean receding and forming a narrow ridge of sand, now about one 
mile wide at its widest part. It is connected with the sea by a shallow inlet at its 
northern end, through which the tide ebbs and flows. The channel in the lake is 200 
or 300 feet wide, with water 6 to 8 feet deep, decreasing very much in depth at the 
southern half of the lake. 

The climate is very greatly influenced and tempered both in winter and summer 
by the Gulf Stream, which passes close to the shore at this point. The normal winter 
temperature is about 70 to 75 deg., falling to 40 deg. under the influence of "cold 



The Standard Guide. 




AT PALM BEACH. 
The Bicycle Path along Lake Worth. 

northers," and probably once a winter the very tender leaves of the banana trees will 
be lightly touched by frost or affected by the low temperature. 

The scenery of this section is entirely tropical, the native palmetto palm, with its 
bunchy, plumelike top, being very conspicuous above the other foliage ; with numer- 
ous cocoanut palms, in the vicinity of each settlement, lifting their graceful fronds 
above, entirely different from any other foliage. Behind these are frequently seen 
those red and golden tropical sunsets where everything is still ; the smoke, rising 
from a coctage chimney while the evening meal is being prepared, apparently stands 
up in a straight, perpendicular line, with definite and sharp edges, until it vanishes 
50 feet above — a synonym of silence. To this tropical foliage and scenery must be 
added at day dawn the songs of mockingbirds, robins and catbirds, numbers of red- 
birds, crested woodpeckers and other birds common to the North, which are also 
enjoying the climate. At night the whippoorwills keep up a continuous condemna- 
tion of poor William. Almost any day the strange and apparently awkward-looking 
pelicans may be seen feeding in the lake, and flamingoes in line on the sandbars. 

On a strip of sand, one mile wide, between the lake and the ocean for about five 
miles of its length, are located the extensive tropical gardens, costly mansions and 
tasteful cottages of the Northerners, come hither to enjoy six winter months of ideal 
out-of-door existence. 

Tropical plants and trees from all parts of the world are gathered here. Walks 
shaded by groves of cocoanut palms are laid out in geometrical patterns, bordered 
with concrete curbs, and with lawns protected by curved sea-walls of concrete and 



The Standard G7iide, 



75 



coquina on the lake front. Oleanders, hybiscus and passion flowers are in bloom. 
Mangoes, guavas, limes, lemons, oranges, figs, sappadillas, date palms, bananas, pine- 
apples and early vegetables are common in all the gardens ; some have strawberries 
ripe in February, and tomatoes in abundance in March. Rubber trees, royal poinciana, 
paradise, coffee, traveler's and numbers of curious trees ornament the gardens, and 
the gnarled, straggling arms of great live oaks, covered with knobs and bunches of 
two varieties of orchids and hanging moss, by weird contrast add to the beauties. 
Walks 20 feet wide and one mile long, bordered with cocoanut palms, oleanders 
and azaleas, lead from the lake front, where are located all the residences and hotels, 
to the ocean front, which is almost a perpendicular bluff from 10 to 15 feet in height, 
with a steep and narrow beach of crushed shells and a little sand, upon which with a 
magnificent surf the ocean breaks, in color a clear, bright, ultramarine blue, entirely 
different from the dull green color of the ocean on the New Jersey coast. 

On the western shore of the^ke are large pineapple plantations, each year 
increasing in numbers and in production. Thirty miles to the west is Lake Okecho- 
bee, with settlements of the Seminole Indians, of whom some notes are given on 
another page. Lake Worth and its vicinity, like all the southern East Coast country, 
has developed rapidly since the advent of the railway, whi;h has converted it from a 
region secluded because difficult of access, and has put it in quick touch with the 
rest of the world. 




DRY TOSTUOAS ' 



KEY WEST 



Sal, 



J'' I O r I <' •* ^ELBOW KEY 

SALT KEY ' W 



EAST COAST DISTANCES 

VIA THE East coast railway 

Jacksonville to: Miles. 

St. Augustine 36-4 

Palatka 64.1 

Ormond 104 7 

Holly Hill 107.0 

Daytona log . 7 

Blake 112 5 

Port Orange ii4-7 

Savage. 116. i 

Spruce Creek 119 -3 

'i'urnbull Hay .... 121. 3 

New Smyrna .. 124.6 

Lake Helen 1451 

Hawks Park 127 . i 

Hucomer 1309 

Oak rf 11 136.4 

i'itusville. ., 1544 

City Point 169.3 

Rockledge 175 4 

Eau Gallie 189 8 

Melbourne 194.2 

Malabar ... 199,9 

Micco . 208 6 

Sebastian 214.5 

St. Lucie 238.6 

Fort Pierce 241.5 

Jensen 256 7 

Stuart 260.6 

Alicia 265 6 

H'^be Sound ....,, 276 6 

West Jupiter . 282.8 

Riviera 295-3 

West Palm Beach 299 5 

Royal Poinciana 300 o 

Palm Beach Inn 300.4 

Lantana . 30S 4 

Fort Lauderdale .. 341.0 

Piscayne ^'^S.B 

Miami 366.0 

Nassnu 5090 

Key West 521.0 



76 The Standard Guide. 

Nearly all the sea fish are found in the lake, such as bluefish, spotted sea trout, 
cavalle, red snapper, barracuda, pompano, sawfish, mullet and redfish, or channel 
bass. Tarpon are not found h^re, althouo^h they are caught north and south of this 
point. The principal fishing is outside the inlet for kingfish, of which enormous 
catches are recorded. The kingfish is very game and the fishing with its surround- 
ings is a favorite amusement. There are numerous boats with experienced men to 
handle them and having thorough knowledge of the grounds. 

The Hotel Royal Poinciana takes its name from the beautiful royal poinciana 
tree [Foincia/ia rcgia), which abounds here, and which is famed for the blazing 
brilliance of its midsummer bloom. The hotel occupies the site where stood Mr. R. 
R. McCormick's house, in the midst of a garden enriched with rare plants and shrubs 
and trees, brought hither from every quarter of the globe. The building is in the 
Colonial style, six stories in height, and surmounted by a tower from which the view 
commands both the lake and the ocean. Although the Royal Poinciana is the largest 
hotel in the South, it proved the first season it was open quite inadequate to accom- 
modate the demands of the public, and a second hotel of the East Coast system has 
been provided here in the Palm Beach Inn, facing the ocean. The Beach Pavilion 
should have mention ; it is to the Royal Poinciana what the Casino is to the Ponce 
de Leon. There are here immense swimming pools of sea water and sulphur water. 
Surf bathing is enjoyable at Palm Beach the year around. Favorite walks and bicycle 
routes are to the Cragin Place, two miles north, and the Rubber Tree, two miles 
south ; Lake Worth village, the pineapple plantations and cocoanut groves. There 
are everywhere alluring opportunities for wheelmen and wheelwomen, on roads as 
straight as Fifth Avenue, lined on either side with palmettoes ; on garden walks wind- 
ing amid curious forms of tropical vegetation and beneath graceful arches of cocoa 
palms ; by the curving shore of Lake Worth; and for miles and miles along the ocean 
front, with a beach hard and smooth as asphalt, and an outlook abroad over the sea 
illimitable, where as the wheel speeds, so light and swift, one seems to have caught 
the seabird's freedom and power and speed. This is indeed the cyclist's winter home. 




A MEMORY OF THE KAST COAST LAND. 



The Standard Guide. 



77 




WHERE THE MOCKINGBIRD SINGS. 
Moss-hung live oaks and j>almettoes near Rockledge, 



The Standard Guide. 




A PALM BEACH AVENUE 



Among the sails the most interesting perhaps is to 
Pitt's Island, on Lake Worth. Something of the won- 
derful nature of the tropical vegetation that everywhere 
charms the eye is indicated in this description of the 
island given by a correspondent of the Springfield Re- 
publican : "It is worth the journey from the North to 
see the great sprawling sea grape tree, with broad round 
lilypad mottled leaf of green and red, tumbling and 
prancing around in the queerest jerks and contortions, 
now running its huge branches along the ground, then 
springing up and forward with a leap, and then suddenly 
making a backward turn, cavorting and somersaulting 
in all imaginable and unthought-of twistings. But 
queerer still, and more utterly wayward, is the rubber 
banyan, with its smooth, elephant-gray bark and long glossy leaves. It just capers 
and leaps in its luxuriant capacities for rapid and giant growth. When it has shot 
forth a branch to an amazing length almost horizontally from the parent trunk, it 
drops a string-like pendant, raveled out at the end, which sways awhile in the air; 
but give it time and it will reach the ground, and its raveled fibers will take root and 
soon become a smooth, round trunk. This will often unite itself with other pendants, 
and, the fissures by and by disappearing, they together become a wide, smooth, nar- 
row mass like a great elongated screen. I saw one or these huge banyans engaged 
in deadly contest with a large mastic tree, the wood of which is solid and tough like 
ebony. It was so far a drawn game. The banyan had clasped the mastic and wound 
and twisted about it like the serpents about Laocoon, till it seemed as if it must be 
stifled, when lo ! the mastic tinds its chance and shoots out and up in towering 
strength 50 feet into the air. Space fails one to tell of the foliage plants of brilliant 
red, yellow and purple, 10 * ■ / 

feet high, of the fiaming, 
broad-leaved hybiscus ; the 
royal and magnificent poin- 
ciana, a gorgeous flowering- 
tree ; of the moon flowers 
and the morning glories, 
creeping everywhere at their 
own sweet will ; of the white 
and red oleanders, 20 feet 
high and spreading an equal 
■width. Here indeed is Florida 
in its own unquestioned right 
— the land of flowers." I'he 
Pitt's Island sail is only one 
of many excursions to scenes 
of novelty and enchantment. ^ ^^^^,^^_^ ^^^^ ^^ p^,^^ ^^^^^^,_ 




The Standard Guide. 



79 





,1 l.ll' I I II I I IT, 1 1 , jf, , 

' ""^^M * > > ■ *i i i»w i iiLM I lWW>tW l|»»»W »W »i«*> *»'»i* ^ 

-"--'" II, (1 1 1 . ■ "n; , r;gifgBiiTB gi^p<g||^ 




PALM BEACH INN. 



Palm Beach owes to a shipwreck the cocoanut trees which have given to it 
its distinguishing beauty and its name. Years ago the cocoanut-laden Spanish brig 
Providencia was cast away off this coast, and the cocoanuts were washed ashore to 
find a congenial soil. There was quite as much romance in the coming of the date 
palm to Florida ; from Syria the conquering Moors carried it to Spain ; and from 
Spain the Spaniards brought it here. The sago, fan, royal and other palms have been 
introduced. The palms indigenous to Florida include the low saw or scrub pal- 
metto, which covers vast areas of the State ; and the cabbage palmetto, so called be- 
cause of the cabbage-like growth, which is edible. There are other palms on the Keys. 




ORANGES AT ROCKLEDGE. 



8o 



The Stmtdard Guide. 



The Seminole Indians are seen at various points on the East Coast from Fort 
Pierce soutli to Biscayne Bay. They are the survivors in Florida of a tribe which 
once engaged the anxious attention of the entire country. In 1835 disputes over the 
boundaries of the Indian reservations and quarrels over fugitive slaves, which the 
Seminoles were accused of harboring, led to the Seminole War — the most costly and 
disastrous of the minor wars of the United States. At the end of seven years, in 
1842, the Indians were subdued, captured and transported to the reservation 

assigned them, where the remnant yet re- 
main in the Indian Territory. A por- 
tion of the tribe evaded deportation and 
betook themselves to this Southern coun- 
try. They hid in the wilderness Ever- 
glades and still remain in tacit rebellion, 
and regard the white man with suspicious 
enmity. How many there are is doubt- 
ful, for the census taker, in common with 
other Government officials, ignores them, 
and they are decidedly averse to enlight- 
ening the public on this point or any 
other. The guesses about their popula- 
tion vary from 300 to 1,000. One of the 
most competent observers, Colonel J. E. 
Ingraham, puts it at about 300. They are 
without doubt increasing in number and 
their general condition is improving. 
While one nation, they are divided into 
three tribes^the Big Cypress, Co'<" Creek 
and Miamis. The Big Cypress Indians 
live in the vicinity of Fort Myers, between 
Caloosahatchee River and the Gulf of 
Mexico ; the Miamis live back of Miami, 
on Biscayne Bay ; and the Cow Creeks 
are situated back of Fort Pierce and the 
St. Lucie River, which empties into the 
Indian River. They have no reservation, 
no land has ever been assigned them by 
the Government. Their dwellings are 
palmetto huts and framed houses ; they 
have horses, dogs, pigs and cattle ; and 
raise corn, sweet potatoes and other vege- 
tables. Flour or starch made from the 
coontie or wild cassava has always been a 
BILLY BOWLEGS— A SEMINOLE OF TO-DAY. Staple article of food. The Florida. IiL- 

From "-Forest and Stream. dians havc Cultivated the soil from primi- 




The Standard Guide. 



tive days ; note the corn and 
other vegetables in the draw- 
ings of Le Moyne, who came 
to Florida with the French 
expedition of 1563. 

The dress of the men con- 
sists of a turban of folded 
shawls or handkerchiefs and 
decorated with a plume, a 
calico shirt, usually of many 
colors, with a kerchief or 
cravat about the neck ; and, 
on occasion, leggins and moc- 
casins of tanned deerskin. 
The scalp-lock is carefully 
protected. The Florida In- 
; dian's fashion in head gear has not changed in general character in centuries. Compare 
; the turban of Billy Bowlegs in 1897 with Osceola's in 1838 (page 47), and again with 
. that of the chief Satourioua in 1563. The women wear their hair cut short in front 
and coiled behind. Their dress is a long skirt with short waist or jacket. The 
ijacket is decorated with silver or gold coins pounded thin and cut into various 
'shapes. About the neck of the new-born girl is placed a necklace of beads ; others 
are added as she grows older, until the mature woman is fairly burdened beneath the 




ANCIENT FLORIDA INDIAN COSTUM.' 
From a drawing by Le Moyne in 1563. 




DR. JIMMIE TUSTANOGEE WITH HIS TWO WIVES AND THE CHILDREN. 



82 



The Standard Guide. 



weight of her necklaces ; and then with the coming of old age they are gradually 
discarded. The women are skillful with the needle; some have sewing machines- 
The Indian canoe is a dugout of cypress ; it is propelled by sail or push-pole. 
In these craft the hunters go to sea to harpoon manatee. The Seminole depends 
largely upon the chase ; he is equipped with the latest models of shotgun and rifle 
and is an expert shot. These Indians shoot from hip or elbow without sighting. 
There were brought in to Fort Lauderdale in 1896, by the beminoles for barter, 5,000 




FLORIDA INDIANS CARRYING THEIR CROPS TO THE STOREHOUSES. 
From a drawifzj by the French artist Le Moyne in 1563. 



alligator skins ; the number killed by the Indians in the State that year probably 
exceeded 7,000. 

Once a year, in the last of June or the first of July, the people gather from far 
and near for the Green Corn Dance, an anniversary which has been observed from 
time immemorial. It is a time of coming to judgment, and the infliction of punish- 
ments, of feasting and making merry. At this time also the marriages take place. 
T ^e custom followed is one of those survivals common among savage races of the 
old days when wives were taken by capture: the girl runs over a certain marked out 
course, and the man pursues ; if he overtakes her — and whether he does or not depends 
altogether upon whether she wishes him to — they live happy ever after. 



1. he Sta7idard Guide. 



«3 




BAY BISCAYNE YACHT CLUB HOUSE AT COCOANUT GROVE. 
From ^''Forest and Stream.'''' 



From West Palm Beach the East Coast Railway extends south to Miama, on Bay 
Biscayne. This is the southernmost railway point in the United States. Biscayne, a 
lagoon sheltered from the Atlantic by numerous keys and coral islands, is forty miles 
in breadth and from five to ten miles wide, with a prevailing depth of from 6 to lo 
feet ; the shores are lined with palms and mangroves, and a profusion and variety of 
tropical growth ; the blue water is of remarkable clearness. These elements unite to 
make the bay one of the most beautiful cruising grounds in the world; and many 
yachts have their winter rendezvous here. On the west shore, at Cocoanut Grove, 
embowered amid cocoanuts and royal palms, is the club house of the Bay Biscayne 
Yacht Club, whose, pennant bears the legend "25° North Lat. B. B. Y. C." 

The water of the bay is of such crystal clearness that it reveals even to great 
depths the wealth of vegetable and animal life everywhere present. This submarine 
life is a never-failing attraction ; there are portions of Bay Biscayne, notably the 
Turtle Harbor, which rival the far-famed sea gardens of Nassau. 

About old Fort Dallas, at the mouth of the Miami River, there has sprung up as 
a creation of the railroad the town of Miami, with broad avenues, parks and .'.ipidly 
multiplying homes. Relics of the old fort still remain on the north bank of the river. 
Mrs. Julia D. Tuttle, who owns the ground, has here the beautiful home pictured on 
another page; from the house the well-kept lawn slopes away to the river banks, with 



84 



The Standard Guide. 




THE ROYAL I'C 



their slender cocoanut palms, making a picture which is most attractive. Beautiful 
for situation also, on adjoining grounds, is the Hotel Ro3'al Palm, facing diagonally 
the river and the bay, and commanding views of both, with far-stretch-lng vistas of 
sand and key and coral reefs. 

The Miami River, which is the principal eastern drainage stream of the Everglades, 
at a point four miles from Fort Dallas, narrowing in its bed and rushing in tumbling, 
swirling, foaming rapids over coral rock, presents a genuine novelty in this land 
of smooth-flowing waters. Arch Creek, another outlet of the Everglades, takes its 
name from an arch of coral, fashioned by the attrition of centuries, which spans the 
stream and beneath which a boat may pass. 

Bay Biscayne is the home of the green turtle, the tortoise-shell turtle and the occa- 
sional crocodile. The fishing is excellent. One favorite excursion for kingfishing is 
Fowry Rock Light. The light was formerly on Cape Florida, where the abandoned 
brick lighthouse and keeper's home with its palms prompt the telling of the tragic 
story which has been handed down as one of the legends from Seminole War days : 




M THE LAKE. 



But one day this place was not so peaceful as it looked that afternoon. The lighthouse keeper and 
his attendant, a negro, were attacked by the Seminole Indians many years ago, and just managed to 
escape ir>to the brick tower which rises fully 70 feet from the ground. Their house was looted and 
burned, but the stout door leading into the lighthouse held out against the Indians for twenty-four 
hours. A fire kindled alongside finally broke it in, and disclosed to the fiends a wooden staircase, 
which they of course dared not ascend. With no water or food, the poor prisoners held out, having be- 
taken themselves to the very top of the tower. At first a faint odor of smoke, then black volumes 
curled up the stairway, and to their almost maddened senses came the realization that they were being 
smoked out. To appear at a window was almost certain death, for they were surrounded on all sides, 
and rifle balls crashing through the glass had repeatedly warned them of this other danger. The negro 
unable any longer to stand the intense heat and smoke, crawled out on the iron balcony about the light 
itself and was immediately shot dead. The keeper was now nearly crazed with suffering, for the flames 
had mounted to the very entrance of his room, and the glass cracked and fell about him. As the smoke 
in huge clouds burst out into the open air, he dragged his attendant on to the iron grating, and stretch- 
ing the body flat he himself lay on top. To describe further the story as I heard it is awful. Suffice 
to say, almost a day he lay there in a trance. When at last consciousness came he discovered that the 
Indians had gone. Unable to descend alone, he signaled to a boat which chanced to be passing and 
was rescued. — Grahatn F. Blandy in Forest and Stream. 




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I- i §- 



The Standard Guide. 



87 



Pineapple growing was a Florida industry in the forties ; but only within recent 
years has it assumed commercial importance. The land suited to pineapple cultiva- 
tion is limited to the East Coast from Merritt's Island south. The pineapple is a 
species of air-plant, and belongs to the same family as the tillandsia, or "Spanish 
moss." The mature plant is 2^ feet in height, with a spread of 2 feet across ; the 
fruit is borne on a stalk in the center. Each plant produces one pine in a season. 
Pineapples are grown from suckers, slips or the crowns of the pines ; they are set out 
in midsummer, 10,000 to 12,000 to the acre; bear in a larger percentage the first 
year, and yield fruit for four or five years thereafter. The pineapple, ripened on 
the stem and eaten when freshly plucked, is as superior to the imported pines of the 
Northern market as oranges in Florida groves are superior to those from abroad. 



KEY WEST. 



Key West is reached from Miami by steamboats which make tri-weekly trips. 
The daylight sail of 165 miles is amid the Florida Keys, with a diversity of island 
scenery which in itself well repays one for the excursion. Key West (Spanish Cayo 
Hiteso — Bone Key) is a low coral island lying sixty miles south of Cape Sable, and 
the town is the southernmost city in the United States. Havana is only ninety miles 
south. The island here at the key of the Gulf is an important strategic point ; it has 
one of the largest naval stations in the country, and is defended by Fort Taylor. 




KEY WEST HARBOR FROM FORT TAYLOR. 



■88 The Standard Guide. 

Not far to the westward on Garden Key of the Dry Tortugas, is the great fortifica- 
tion of Fort Jefferson. ^ - 

The picturesque character of island and town is indicated in our illustration, 
looking from the grim battery of Fort Taylor to the curving shores with their palms. 
The cocoa and date palms grow in profusion ; and the flora includes the royal poia- 
■ciana ; the sugar apple, whose fragrance fills the air ; immense banyans, one in the 
barracks yard covering an area of 50 feet ; and gigantic cacti rising in stems 20 feet 
in the air. 

Key West is unlike any other part of Florida. The population is made up in 
-equal parts of Bahamians, Cubans, and negroes from Cuba and Bahama. The Baha- 
mians, white and black, are called Conchs, either because they eat the shellfish of that 
name, or because like conchs they have been washed ashore from the sea. It is a 
foreign people, and has its foreign speech, dress and ways. In the morning the 
milkman drives his cow from house to house, and milks her at the door ; in the 
•evening men go through the streets with milk cans, whence is ladled green turtle 
soup. 

Cigar-making, sponging and wrecking are the industries. The Key West cigar 
trade has been created by the tariff, which puts a high tax on cigars and a low tax on 
leaf tobacco, and admits Cuban laborers free. The custom house is the second in 
importance in the South ; the building cost $100,000 ; the customs receipts in a re- 
cent year were $r 1,000,000. 

Wrecking is less profitable than in former times, when the coast was not so well 
lighted. The wrecking smacks are manned by a crew of captain, mate, and four or 
five men. They receive no salary, but share in the salvage, which is divided into 40 
shares, of which four shares go to the captain, two to the mate, one and one-half to 
the cook, one to each of the other men, and the remainder to the owners. The 
wreckers go from Key West to the harbor of Garden Key, in the Dry Tortugas, and 
there lie in wait for something to turn up. 

Key West is the port of the Florida sponge fisheries. The reef on which the 
sponges grow extends from the southern extremity of the peninsula to St. Marks, on 
the West Coast ; it begins at about six miles from the land and extends indefinitely 
into waters too deep to be worked ; in area it covers 3,500 square miles. A spong- 
ing schooner is manned by a crew of five men, and is equipped with two dingeys. 
Arrived at the reef, one man keeps ship ; while the others, two in each dingey, gath- 
er the sponges ; one sculls the boat ; the other searches the bottom with a sponge- 
glass. This is in effect a bucket with a glass bottom, through which, when it is par- 
tially submerged, one may see to a great depth. The sponge is brought up by a hook \ 
on a pole. The sponges are spread on deck, and the gelatinous matter decays. 
When a given quantity has been gathered the crew goes to land, where the sponges 
are placed in crawls, through which the tide ebbs and flows, and in a week they are 
clean. They are then beaten free of sand and grit, washed, bleached in the sun, col- 
lected into bunches of twenty, and sold at auction. Out of the proceeds expenses 
are paid ; the owner takes one-third, and the crew share and share alike in the rest. 




OTHER EAST COAST RESORTS. 

Jacksonville, on the St. John's River, twenty-five miles from 
the sea, is the entering point for Florida from the north. It is 
the largest city in the State, and the railway and steamship cen- 
ter. All trains arrive at and depart from the Union Passenger 
Station, thus avoiding transfers. The Florida East Coast Line, 
the Florida Central & Peninsular Railway, Atlantic Coast 
Line and the Southern Railway here connect. The Clyde 
Line steamships run to Charleston and New York, and the 
FLORIDA GOPHER. Clydc's St. John's River steamers ascend the river to Sanford. 

Jacksonville has always been popular as a tourist resort ; and 
ample provision is made for the comfort of visitors. 

De Land is situated in the orange grove section, between the St. John's River 
and the Atlantic Ocean, loo miles south of Jacksonville, on the J., T. & K. W. Ry. 
The town is noted for its salubrious climate and healthfulness, and for the enterprise,, 
intelligence and high character of its people. It is the seat of the John B. Stetson 
University. 

Lake Helen, on the picturesque sheet of water bearing the same name, is 
seventy miles south of St. Augustine, in the pine forest belt, and in the orange grove 
district between the St. John's River and the Atlantic Ocean. It possesses advan- 
tages for invalids suffering from pulmonary troubles. It is reached from St. Augus- 
tine by the branch of the East Coast Line extending west from New Smyrna ; and is 
also accessible from Jacksonville by the J., T. & K. W. Ry., and by Clyde's St 
John's River steamers to Blue Springs Landing ; thence East Coast Line. 

The Ocklawaha River Tour affords a revelation of some of the wildest and' 
most novel scenery in the State, and an experience never to be forgotten. The river is 
navigated by the steamers of the Consolidated Ocklawaha River Lines, from Palatka 
and Silver Springs daily except Sunday, railroad connection being made at each of these 
points. The steamer from Silver Springs gives the day trip, and that from Palatka 
the night trip. The steamboats are lighted on their way through the night by 
search-lights. The effect, as the boat makes her tortuous course beneath the moss- 
hung arches of the river, is exceedingly weird and fascinating. Silver Springs is a 
circular basin, 600 feet in diameter, of water of wonderful clearness, which bursts up 
in a great flood from a depth of 65 feet. So clear is the sprmg that from a boa: the 
smallest objects can be seen on the bottom. 

Suwanee Springs, on the Suwanee River famed in song, is reached from 
Jacksonville by the Florida Central & Peninsular Railway to Live Oak, thence by 
Plant System. The sulphur springs here draw large numbers of visitors. 



90 



The Standard Guide. 




A NASSAU HOME. 



Nassau. — By the service of the Florida East Coast Steamship Line the Ba- 
hamas are brought within a few hours of Florida ; and the passage across the Gulf 
Stream to the "Isles of June" is in effect but a slight extension of the Florida tour. 
From Miami to Nassau the distance is only 145 miles, a short excursion which may 
hardly be said to involve going to sea. 

For the tourist Nassau has many attractions; its climate is peculiarly grateful to 
the fugitive from the rigors and sudden changes of the Northern winter and spring. 
Basking in floods of perpetual sunshine and swept by soft ocean breezes, the Bahamas 
enjoy a temperature which is remarkably equable ; from October to June the mercury 
ranges from 65 to 80 degrees ; official records show for January 70 degrees, Febru- 
ary 71 degrees, March 72 degrees, and April 75 degrees. This is a summer land, 
though the calendar marks the winter season ; and the whole aspect of the island is 
of summer and summer life. The houses are built with generous piazzas and lat- 
ticed verandas ; and are embowered amid roses, jessamines and oleanders. 
Orange, lemon and lime are everywhere. Slender palms uplift their plumes against 
the sky. Here we are in the tropics, but the tropics tempered by the gratefully in- 
vigorating influences of the sea. 

Nassau is the capital of the Bahamas. The Governor, who, is appointed by the 
'Crown, resides here. The population numbers 15,000, of whom four-fifths are col- 



The Standard Guide. 



91 



ored. The city is admirably governed ; the white residents are for the most part 
descendants of English colonial families ; there is here that spirit of hospitality 
Avhich is never wanting in countries where the doors always stand open. The island 
is of coral formation. The native rock is an admirable road-building material ; the 
roads of New Providence are noted for their excellence, and driving and wheeling 
are favorite amusements. One may visit the palm groves and make test of the milk 
fresh from the cocoanut ; prove the excellence of the Bahama pineapples, newly 
picked from the stem ; or inspect the plantations of sisal hemp, which looks li!"'' the 
century plant, and if fortunate may see the leaves cut, shredded and baled. 

There are three forts on the island, long since disused, and now serving only 
as picturesque properties in a landscape which, with its novelty and glamour, its 
dazzling whites and glowing greens, has something of the unreal character of a stage 
setting. The Queen's Staircase, near Fort Fincastle, is an interesting ruin of the 
days when garrisons mustered here ; and it is all the more fascinating because its 
origin and purpose pique the curiosity. 

The water excursions include a visit to the Sea Gardens, a point in the channel 
where the bottom is covered with fan-leaf coral of many vivid hues, amid which 
swim fishes of graceful form and brilliant colors. Rowboats are provided with glass 
plates in the bottom, through which the marine life may be studied. Night excursions 
are made to the "Lake of Eire." This is an artificial pond which was built as a stor- 
age reservoir for live fish and green turtles, and which has become phosphorescent 
in an extraordinary degree. 




LOOKING WEST FROM THE PARADE. 




TYMPANUM OF THE CAPITOL ROTUNDA PORTICO. 



The Southern Tourist. 



THE Florida bound tourist has choice of three through trains a day over the 
Southern Railway. Each of them is vestibuled, is equipped with every 
appointment known to the comfort and refinement of railroad development, 
and speeds to its destination as the arrow flies. 
Two through trains are provided daily from New York to St. Augustine. The 
route from New York \%via Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, Lynchburg, Danville, 
Greensboro, Salisbury, Charlotte, Columbia, Savannah and Jacksonville to St. Au- 
gustine. The time card calls for a schedule of less than twenty-nine hours. This is 
a triumph of perfected railway service. The Southern route is well named the Florida 
Short Line. 

Or if we shall be not over impatient for the sunny sky of Florida, but shall linger 
here and there to visit fields made famous by the conflicts of the war, to look upon 
scenery worth a much longer journey to behold, or to learn something of the ways 
and the charm of lift: in this mtddle S-outh, all th€s« we shall find -on the main line of 




THE CAPITOL — EAST FRONT. 



The Soiitherii Toui^ist. 93 

the Southern System and its score of alluring bypaths. From Washington to Florida 
the route is through a historic and picturesnue region. Add to the historic and scenic 
attractions of the line the splendid exhibition by which the trip affords a magnificent 
revelation of the agricultural, mineral and industrial resources of the South, and then 
you shall understand why the tedium of travel is something which is never known 
on the speeding trains of the Southern. 

The only vestibuled limited trains with dining cars serving all meals between 
New York, Washington, and New Orleans, are those of the Southern Railway. The 
quick schedules are maintained with remarkable punctuality. This is also the route 
of the United States Fast Mail between Washington and New Orleans. 

The extensive through car service of the Southern Railway likewise embraces 
through Pullman drawing room cars between New York, Washington, and Augusta, 
Ga., for Bon Air, Aiken, etc. Also between New York, Washington, and Memphis, 
:Tenn. Likewise between Washington and Galveston, Texas. 

So it matters not in what direction you may be going to and from any important 
Ipoint between the South and Washington, you will find the Southern Railway pre- 
pared to afford you the very schedule and through car you want. 

Not only does the Southern Railway afford adirect and delightful through service 
|to Florida and the far South, but it gives the only access to the famed resorts of the 
ILand of the Sky in western North Carolina. It is the route to Asheville, a point 
whose reputation has been increasing for eight or ten years as a home for people who 
seek a mild climate, with excellent hotels and other multiplied attractions. The city 
is situated on a plateau between the Allegheny Mountains, the Blue Ridge and the 
Great Smoky— all made famous in poem and prose by Charles Egbert Craddock, 
Christian Reid and Constance Fenimore Woolson. Asheville is between the Swan- 
nanoa and French Broad rivers ; it overlooks a thousand square miles of superb scenery 
and has been termed the "City in the Skies." The town is noted for its healthful 
and delicious climate, its pure and invigorating atmosphere, the beauty of its scenery, 
its delightful drives, and a wealth of adjacent points of interest. Climatic maps and 
official "data furnished by the United States Signal Service show that Asheville has 
the driest climate, the year round, of any point east of Denver. Out of 365 days there 
is an average of 259 clear ones. It is far enough south to insure a mild winter, while 
its altitude is so great as to create a cool summer. But more than all other considera- 
tions is the proved healthfulness of this region. Malaria is unknown. The mountain 
district of western North Carolina has long been favorably known for its healthful 
climate, and especially for its beneficial effects in pulmonary and throat troubles. 
These succumb to the balmy air of this locality. Some of the most learned and 
skilled physicians in the United States have recorded the fact that in this climate 
tubercular consumption is not hereditary. 

This beautiful North Carolina city in the skies is a great halfway stopping place, 
both in going to Florida and returning home. It offers attractions that cannot be 
found elsewhere; its people aie open-hearted and hospitable; its climate unsur- 
passed east of the Rocky Mountains. 

"Asheville, the beautiful, much extolled and world-wide known," writes Charles 



94 



The Sm-Lthcrn To^trist. 



Hallock in Forest and Stream^ " is Mecca for tourists the whole year round. They 
come in crowds from the South in summer and from the North in winter, lingering 
until the solstices are well spent. Only in May and October do breaks occur in the 
pilgrimage. Frosts and heats do not check the tidal fluxes any more than they inter- 




LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN. 
On the line of the Southern Railivay. 

rupt the migration of wildfowl, any meteorological excesses being accepted as pre- 
ferable to home conditions. 

"What Lenox in Massachusetts is to the Berkshire Hills, socially and transcend- 
ently, the town of Asheville is to Buncombe county, N. C. ; only the conformation 
of the inclosing mountains is more massive and the conventionalities less exacting. 



The SoiUhern Tourist. 95 

Pretension is not much overstrained, and tlie glitter of wealth does not blind the 
unaccustomed eye ; so that Mr. Slimpurse contemplates its visible expression as he 
does the afterglow of sunset, delighting in its radiance because the solar power is 
not felt. Even the dominating magnificence and scope of Bdtmore are tempered to 
the shorn and impecunious, who regard it less as a wonder than a cornucopia of 
superabundance disseminating blessings in its overflow. And so it happens that 
Asheville in all its aesthetic and economic aspects is made inviting to sojourners and 
transients. Its dimpled hills and undulations are soft and velvety. 

" Until the Western North Carolina Railroad first scaled these battlements of 
'cloud land ' with its iron ways, a dozen years ago, Asheville was practically isolated 
and unknown. Now it is the ultima thiilc of tourists. Visitors come all the way 
fr^m Europe to inspect the great American dukedom and the castle which has no 
equal on the Rhine. And since it has been included in the comprehensive Southern 
Railway system, brick blocks are going up en masse on the principal streets and 
villas by the score — Asheville rising, phenix-like! Drives and trolleys wind every- 
where. The French Broad River, too yards wide, incloses half its environs. 
From its central eminence on Battery Park, dominating the surrounding streets 
like the Capitol at Washington, the Battery Park Hotel looks out on every side 
across an interval of compacted bricks and mortar to circumjacent hills and wooded 
ridges crowned with modern villas. Beyond this tangible horizon, away off in the 
blue distance under the cloud line, in phalanges almost unbroken, stand the circum- 
vallate mountains, reaching north, south, east and west — the Great Smokies, Balsams, 
Black Mountains and Blue Ridge all in full view ; not just one single 'Presidential 
Range,' aligned in grim array, as in the White Mountains, but Titanic elevations all 
around, out of whose serrated ranks rise no less than forty domes and peaks exceed- 
ing 6,000 feet in height. Gaze in whatever direction we may, there loom inimitable 
heights. It is grand! The outlook has no counterpart on the continent." 

And of the scenery on the Southern, as it brings one to Asheville, Mr. Hallock 
writes: " West of Round Knob, on the division approaching Asheville, the scen- 
ery is very grand, and the tortuous ascent almost equal to the zigzag up the Cas- 
cades on the Pacific division of the Great Northern Railroad. From one point the 
track over which the train has just climbed may be seen on fourteen different 
grades, and the course is so sinuous that the sun beams into the car windows first on 
one side and then the other; while silvery cascades leap from the mountain sides so 
close as to almost wet the coaches with their spray. It is just after this toilsome as- 
cent that the train draws into the long tunnel at Swannanoa, and thence out of the 
gloom into the upper firmament and sunshine of Asheville. The two spurs of the 
same railroad, which run northwest to Paint Rock and southwest to Murphy, 120 
miles, are romantically rugged almost all the way, and are reckoned among the most 
daring pieces of railroad engineering in the country." 

Biltmore, the country seat of George W. Vanderbilt, near Asheville, is reputed to 
be the most costly and valuable private estate in America. The house grounds com- 
prise 9,000 acres of lawn, farm and forest, with 30 miles of magnificent roadways, 
rustic bridges, artificial lakes, and thousands of trees, shrubs and plants brought 



96 



The Soiithei'n Tourist. 



from every quarter of the globe. The hunting preserves comprise 87,000 acres 
more. The house stands on an artificial plateau formed by truncating the. cone of a 
mountain peak. It overlooks the French Broad and Swannanoa rivers, and com- 
mands an entrancing panorama of valleys and mountains, range upon range; there 
are fifty peaks which are more than 5,000 feet high. The house is built of stone and 
of brick made on the estate ; it is 300 x 192 feet, with lawns, tennis courts, bowling 
green, conservatories, sunken gardens and other features. The house was begun in 
i89i,and was opened on Christmas Day of 1895. The Vanderbilt estate is one of 
the most interesting attractions in the vicinity of Asheville ; the public is permitted 
to drive through the grounds. The architect of Biltmore House was the late Richard 
Morris Hunt; the landscape architect was Fred. Law Olmstead. Our illustration 
is from a photograph taken from the "rampe-douce " or plaza, showing in the 




BILTMORE HOUSE. 
Frofn a photography copyright ^ 1896, by T. H. Lindsey, 

foreground the water garden ; it looks upon the eastern front, a notable feature 
of which is the exterior winding staircase. 

Atlanta, with its thirteen railroads, is termed the Gate City. The name suggests 
commercial importance. The volume of business aggregates $160,000,000 a year. 
Atlanta is the metropolis of the South. If your ticket over the Southern reads via 
Atlanta, you will find abundant interest and attraction for a stay here. The dome of 
the State Capitol will remind you of the one at Washington ; the soft coal smoke 
will cause the Chicago man to sigh for home ; one may dodge trolleys as in Brooklyn 
or Boston, and in the business section will be reminded of certain quarters of New 
York. The city itself and its suburbs are rich in historical associations connected 
with the Civil War. In Grant Park may still be seen the ruins of Fort Walker; 
Peachtree Creek and Ezra Church battle-grounds are near. Three miles out by steam 
is Fort McPherson, a military post, where one may get a glimpse of army routine. 



Tourist Routes. 




WASHINGTON IS A BEAUTIFUL CITY. 



CERTAINLY the most excellent passenger service in permanent daily operation 
afforded the South is that of the world famous WASHINGTON & SOUTH- 
WESTERN YESTIBULED LIMITED of the Southern Railway, running every ■ 
day in the year between New York and New Orleans, via Washington, Atlanta, Montgomery 
and Mobile, accomplishing the entire journey inside of forty hours, and affording vestibuled 
drawing-room Pullman sleeping cars and dining cars, serving all meals between New York 
and New Orleans; also having first-class thoroughfare coaches. 

No extra charge is made for fast time on these trains. 

And equally certain, no long distance schedule in the United States is maintained with 
more exact punctuality. Passing through the Piedmont section, along the charming moun- 
tain ranges of Virginia and North Carolina, the entire journey is a pleasurable scenic enter- 
tainment. 

Then, too, this is the route of the companion train, the " United States Fast Mail," so that 
all passengers from all points between the South and Southwest, and Washington, New York 
and the East, will most surely find it to their greatest comfort and advantage to see that their 
tickets read "via the Southern Railway." 

Complete information obtainable from any Ticket or Passenger Agent of the Pennsylvania 
R. R. Co., Southern Railway Company, A. & W. P. and W. of A., Louisville & Nashville 
R. R. Co., and connecting lines. This is the direct route also between Texas, California 
and Mexico and the Eastern cities. 

New Orleans office : &02 Canal Street, also L. & N. offices. Mobile office : L. & N., city and station. Mont- 
gomery office: 15 Commerce Street^ abo Union Station. Macon, Ga., office : 413 Fourth Street, also Southern 
Railway Station. Atlanta office; Corner Kimball House, also Union Depot. Augusta, Ga., office : 719 Broad 
Street, also Union Station, also 729 Broad Street. Washington offices : 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue ; Pennsyl- 
vania R. R. Station. New York office: 271 Croadway. Jacksonville, Fla., office: 212 West Bay Street; L, A. 
S -ipman. Florida Passenger Agent. 

J M. CUI P, W A. TURK, S. H. HARDWICK, 

Traffic Manager, Washington. Gen'l Passenger Agent, Washington. Ass't Gen'l Passenger Agent Atlanta. 

Information of ih:: Southern Kailway also at the Standard Guide Information bureau, St. Augustine. 



Tourist Routes. 




WAR, STAIE AND NAVY BUILDING. 

A GREAT SYSTEM THROUGH A 
GREAT COUNTRY. 

ALL of the lines of the Southern Railway System, penetrating all the States of the 
South, converge at Washington, the beautiful capital of the nation, upon quicke^st 
trains and through a picturesque country — twice daily through from New Orleans, via 
Mobile, Montgomery, Atlanta, Charlotte, Danville and Lynchburg, direct to Washington. 

From Memphis two lines— one via Birmingham, Anniston, Atlanta, Lynchburg, direct 
to Washino-ton and New York ; the other via Chattanooga, Knoxville and Bristol, direct 
to Washington. 

From Asheville and "The Land of the Sky," via Salisbury, Danville and Lynchburg, 
direct to Washington and New York. 

Then from Jacksonville, Fla., via Savannah, Columbia, Charlotte and Lynchburg direct 
to Washington and New York 

Similar connecting service from all other points in the South ; so that it matters not 
from what point you start, if you are going to or through Washington, it will be to your 
interest to see that your ticket reads "via the Southern Railway." 

Detailed information cheerfully furnished by any ticket agent in the South, particularly 
by the agents of the Southern Railway Company. L. A. SHIPMAN, Florida Passenger 
Agent, 212 West Bay Street, Jacksonville, Fla. 



W. A. TURK, C. A, BENSCOTER, 

General Passenger Agent, Washington, D. C. Ass't General Passenger Agent, Chattanooga, Tenn 

S. H. HARDWICK, 
Assistant General Passenger Agent, Atlanta, G.i. 

Information of the Southern Railway also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Tourist Routes, 



ONE NIGHT OUT. 




% 



J 



-'5*(« 



OURNEYING between 
Florida and the North- 
east, you will natu- 
rally decide to go via AVash- 
ington, and hence, quite as 
naturally, will prefer to take 
the most delightful and 
shortest route, viz., the 
Southern Railway (Pied- 
mont Air Line), which ex- 
tends from Washington along the charming mountain section of Virginia 
and North Carolina, and unites at Columbia, S. C, with the Plorida Central 
& Peninsular R. R., via Savannah and Jacksonville. 

Auxiliary tours are provided at a small cost for those of our patrons 
desiring to enjoy a detour through the glorious mountains of Western 
North Carolina — "The Land of the Sky" — embracing Asheville, Hot 
Springs, N. C, etc., reached only by the Southern Railway. 

Similar arrangements also for Florida tourists desiring to visit 
Brunswick by the Sea. 

Through cars between New York, Washington and Jacksonville. 
Luxurious drawing-room cars. 

Complete information obtainable from any Ticket or Passenger Agent 
of the Pennsylvania R. R. Company, Southern Railway Company (Piedmont 
Air Line), Florida Central & Peninsular R. R, Co., Florida East Coast Line 
(Flagler System) and connecting lines; or L. A. Shipman, Florida Passenger 
Agent, 2 12 West Bay Street, Jacksonville, Fla. 

W. A. TURK, G. p. A,, Southern Railway Co., Washington, D. C. 
W. D. ALLEN, F. P. A., Southern Railway Co., Jacksonville, Fla. 
S. H. HARDWICK, A. G. P. A., Southern Railway Co., Atlanta, Ga. 
Circulars of the Southern Railway also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Tourist Ro7ites, 




loURISTS 



RETURNING FROM 



FLORIDA ^SE SOUTH 

will find the climatic extremes of the North and South 
ideally blended at 

Richmond, Old Point Comfort, Fort Monroe and 
Virginia Beach, Va., 

where magnificent hotels will make a pleasant stay. 

From here the journey can be continued by the fast modern 

steamships of the 

Old Dominion Line. 

A short, delightful sea trip, under the most favorable conditions of 
accommodations and cuisine. 

Buy tickets via O. D. S. S. Co., from Richmond or Norfolk to New 
York, or, if limit does not suit, to Norfolk or Richmond only. 

For full information, rates, schedules, etc., apply to chief ticket 
offices of South, or 

OLD DOMINION 5. 5. CO., 
Pier 26, North River, 
New York, N.Y. 




Information of the Old Dominion Line at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Au 



gustine. 



Tottrist Routes. 



ISTORIG pOJOMAC 



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NEW AND POPULAR ROUTE BETWEEN 



Washington, D. C, Old Point Comfort, Norfolk, 
Virginia Beach and the South. 

The new and magnincent Steel Palace Steamers of this line, the steamers "Newport News," "Norfolk" and 
'Washington," most luxuriously fitted throughout, having Steam Heat in staterooms, Electric Lights and Call Bells ioi 
ach room, leave Norfolk and Washington daily oh the following schedule : 

SOUTHBOUND. 



Leave WASHINGTON 7 oo P M. 

' ALEXANDRIA . .. 73° " 

Arrive FORTRESS MONROE .. .6.30 A. M. 

" NORFOLK 730 " 

" PORTSMOUTH 8.00 " 



NORTHBOUND. 

Leave PORTSMOUTH 5.50 P. M. 

NORFOLK .. .6 10 " 

FORTRESS MONROE... 7.20 " 

Arrive ALEXANDRIA 600 A.M. 

" WASHINGTON 6.30 " 

Close connection made with all rail lines at Norfolk, Fortress Monroe and Washington, D. C, for all pomts Nor:h». 
lioulh, East and West. 

Passengers goinc or returning to Wilmington, Raleigh, Charlot'e, Charleston, Savannah, Atlanta, Jacksonville and 
)nncipal Southern cities, are given an opportunity by this route to stop over at the National Capital, Fortress Monroe or 
Virginia Beach. 

By taking this route the passenger is afforded a pleasant ride on the Potomac River and Chesapeake Bay, thus breaking 
he monotony of an all-rail ride. 

The excellence of the meals furnished on these magnificent steamers has been a great factor in their popularity. 
Che dining-room service is a la carte, meals being seive 1 at hours conven ent to the passengers 
I Ask for tickets via the new Norfolk and Washington line of steamers. 

I JNO. CALLAHAN, General Manager. 

Circulars of the Norfolk and Washington line also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Tourist Routes. 



^^ -*^~^ 



MONON ROUTE 



LOUrSVILLE. NEWALBAHY ^CHICAGO RY.Co{( 



ir 




Information of the Monon Route at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St, Augustine. 



To2irist Routes. 



% 



12,000 MILES 

f 

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THROUGH 

UNSALTED SEAS! 



THE HOST LUXURIOUS AND 
DELIGHTFUL TRIP ON THE 
AHERICAN CONTINENT! . . 



* 



And the only one of its kind possible in the world. Between 

BUFFALO and DULUTH, 

Calling at Cleveland, Detroit, Mackinac Island and the Soo, 

By the magnificent steel constructed, modern and 
superbly appointed twin screw steamships of the 

Northern Steamship Co. 

NORTH WEST and NORTH LAND. 

5,000 tons. 7,000 horse power. 386 feet in length. Accommodate 500 passen- 

gers. Carry no freight. 

Connection at Duluth with the Great Northern Railway for St. Paul, Minneapolis and 
Pacific Coast points. At Mackinac Island for Milwaukee, Chicago and Lake Michigan ports. 
Further particulars of any agent, or of 



FRANCIS B. CLARKE, General Traffic Manager, Buffalo, N. Y. 

Circulars of the Northern Line also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



t 






Yours 

for Health 



THE 

SALT RIVER VALLEY 

OF ARIZONA 

AND THE VARIOUS 

HEALTH RESORTS IN< 

NEW MEXICO 



Are unrivaled for the cure of chronic lung and throat 
diseases. Pure, dry air; an equable temperature; the 
right altitude ; constant sunshine. 

Descriptive pamphlets, issued by Passenger Depart= 
ment of Santa Fe Route, contain such complete infor= 
mation relative to these regions as invalids need. 

The items of altitude, temperature, humidity, hot 
springs, sanatoriums, cost of living, medical attendance, 
social advantages, etc., are concisely treated. 

Physicians are respectfully asked to place this literature 
in the hands of patients who seek a change of climate. 

Address G. T. NICHOLSON, 

CHICAGO. G. P. A., A.,T. & S. F. Ry. 

Santa Fe Route 

Information of the Santa Fe Route also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



* 



Hotels. 



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5X DENIS HOTEL 

BRpADV/AY AND U™ ST. 

NtWYORK. 




An ideal location, op- 
posite the beautiful 
pile and grounds of 
Grace ChurcK and 
most convenient to 
either up - town or 
down-town business 
districts and leading 
places of amusement. 
The beautiful colo- 
nial dining-rooms are 
filled each day with 
the most select shop- 
ping public of New York and its suburbs. There is no bet- 
ter place to dine, no better place to live in New York City. 

European Plan. Rooms $1.50 per day and upward. 



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VENDOME 
BOSTON 

COMMONWEALTH AVENUE 

Electric Lights 
NEW OPEN PLUMBING 

Delightfully Surrounded, Conveniently 

Situated for Transient Visitors 

and Tourists. 







>3fe^ 






THE STANDARD GUIDE 
INFORMATION BUREAU 

Is maintained by tlie "Standard Guide to tlie 
Florida East Coast." It is conducted solely 
for the benefit of travelers; and they are cor- 
dially invited to avail themselves freely of its 
services, which are rendered without any 
charge whatever, no fees being accepted. 

WARD G. FOSTER, Manager 

STANDARD GUIDE S ^ 
INFORMATION BUREAU 



In the Round Tower of Hotel Cordova 
ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA. 

Circulars of the St. Denis and Vendome also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Hotels. 



THE * STAFFORD. 





WASHINGTON PLACE, BALTIMORE. 



-^ • » • 



•»•♦•♦•♦ »♦-» 

European Plan : Rooms, One Dollar and a Half and Upwards. Abso- 
lutely fireproof. 

Equipped with all modern improvements. Situated on Washington 
Place, at the foot of Washington Monument, in the most fashionable part 
of the city ; convenient to depots, theaters and busmess centers. 

Cuisine unexcelled. 

JAMES P. A. O'CONOR, Manager. 

Circulars of The Stafford also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Washington Hotels. 




T"E SHOREHAM, Washington, D. C. 



AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN PLANS. 



THE SHOREHAM is most advantageously situated, being in the 
center of the most fashionable section of the city, accessible 
from all points of interest, within five minutes' walk ol the Executive 
Mansion, and of the War, Navy, State and Treasury Departments. 
An absolutely fireproof hotel. 

JOHN T. DEVINE. 

Information of the Shoreham also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Washington Hotels. 




ENTIRE CONSTRUCTION ABSOLUTELY FIREPROOF. 

Elegant Restaurant for Ladies and Gentlemen. Lux- 
urious Cafe for Gentlemen. Everything 
Entirely New. Most Central 
Location in the Cit)-. 

T. J. TALTY, Hanager. 

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The Hamilton, 

Corner Fourteenth and K Streets, 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 

A first-class family and transient hotel, 
modern in all its appointments. Beautifully 
located. Rates, $2.50 and $3.00 per day. 
Special rates by the week. American plan. 

BALL & POLLARD, Proprietors. 




|e BuCl^NdHAM, 




ife^WASHINOTON, D.C. 



I 



This hotel is located in the 
] finest section of the citv, on 
[ the west side of McPherson 
s Square. It has the appoint- 
'' ments of a strictly first-class 
hotel, and is an especially desirable home for tourists. 

AMERICAN PLAN, $2.00 TO $4.00 PER DAY. 

A. L. BLISS, Proprietor. 

Circulars of the Raleigh, Hamilton and Buckingham at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Washingto7t Hotels. 



THE ST. JAMES, European, 




WASHINGTON, 
D. C. 

Corner Penn. Av. & 6th St. 

Best family hotel at 
the National Capital. 
We make you feel at 
home on arrival. Sin- 
gle rooms $1.00 per day 
and upwards ; suites, 
with bath, $3.00 to 
$6.00. Appointments 
of Ladies' and Gentle- 
-^ men's Cafe and Dining 
' Room up to date. Ele- 
vator, steam heat and 
fire escapes. 

LEVI WOODBURY, Prop. 
H. T. WHEELER, Managfer. 



National Hotel, 

Corner Sixth Street and Penna. Ave. 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 

The National Hotel, having been leased by 
the present proprietor, and entirely renovated 
from top to bottom, novk' offers superior ad- 
vantages to the traveling public. 

A new and complete system of steam heat- 
ing and electric lighting has been instituted, 
and many new bath-rooms have been added. 
Being opposite the Pennsylvania Depot, and 
in the center of the business district, it offers 
special facilities to commercial travelers. 

The house is run on the American and Eu- 
ropean plans. 

RATES : 

American Plan, $2.50 per day «p. 
European Plan, $J.OO per day up. 

WALTER BURTON, Manager. 
O. Q. STAPLES, Proprietor. 



RiGGS^ House, 

Cor. J5th and G Sts., N. W. 

Opposite U. S. Treasury and one block from the 
White House. 

WASHING'i;ON, D. C 



This hotel has the most advantageous and 
convenient location of any of the up-town 
hotels. The proprietor has recently made 
many improvements, including the addition 
of a steam-heating plant throughout the house. 

The table is unsurpassed and the rates 
moderate, $3.00 per day up. 

An illustrated guide to Washington will be 
mailed free of charge upon receipt of four 
cents in i tamps. 



O. Q. STAPLES, 

Proprietor. 

Circulars of the St. James, National and Riggs House at Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Hotels. 



OLD POINT COMFORT, VA. 




An ideal resort for those in search of health or pleasure. The 

HYGEIA HOTEL, 

With its many recent improvements, now offers more iiomelike comforts and greater social 
attractions tlian ever before. Terms, $3 and upwards per day. 

Circulars at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 
F. N. PIKE, Proprietor. ^ ^ ^ A. C. PIKE, Manager. 



I 



The Only Hodern Hotel in 
the City Centrally Located. 

THE LEXINGTON, 



I 




"There's no place like Charleston." 

Do not fail to visit this his- 
toric and interesting city. 

Charleston Hotel. 




American Plan : $2.50 to $4.00 per day. 
European Plan: $1.00 to $3.00 per day. 

A. D. ATKINSON, Proprietor. 
S. T. ATKINSON, M.,nager. 

Corner Twelfth «& Main Streets, 
RICHMOND, VA. 

Circulars of the Hygeia, Lsxin-ton and Charleston at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



STRICTLY FIRST CLASS, 

Affordingf all modern 
conveniences. 

CART & DAVIDS. 




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Tourist Resorts. 

HOTEL BON AIR, ^ ^ ^ Augusta, Georgia* 




An elegant modern hotel recently enlarged and refurnishedj situated in the uplands of Georgia, midway between 
Washington and the South, acknowledged to be one of the healthiest sections in the United States. It is a delightful place 
to break the journey between the North and South ; and for those accustomed to the severe weather of the North it will be 
found a healthier climate than that of more southerly latitudes. Average winter temperature, 54°. 

For rates and full particulars address C. Q. TRUSSELL. 





PlCT^tlRgS PIOvlifRES pPO^yReSpiCTJfcJRES W:\ 








Sunlight Ftcfu7'cs of Florida pffty^ 

A collection of thirty-nine large half-tone plates, specially engraved ^ 




from a carefully selected series of photographs. The subjects comprise -ni,--T-i ir? 

I ILitiK 



^ St. Augustine, Ormond, Rockledge, Palm Beach, Tampa, the St. John's '--^//iViV^ 
and Ocklawaha Rivers, and Florida as seen by tourist eyes. In size 
and scope, binding, quality of illustrations and all that makes a beauti- 
ful art book, this volume of "Sunlight Pictures" is distinguished ^pfl 
from all other works relating to Florida. 

Sunlight Pictures is sold by all art 
dealers and book stores in Florida. 



i»l» ^B 





Information of the Bon Air also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Toiiinst Routes. 

SOUTH CAROLINA & GEORGIA R.R. 

^^THE CHARLESTON LINE/' 
DOUBLE DAILY TRAINS BETWEEN 

Charleston, Columbia, Augusta and Aiken. 

Only Line between Charleston, Summerville, Camden and Aiken. 

SOLID THROUGH TRAINS BETWEEN CHARLESTON 
AND ASHEVILLE, "THE LAND OF THE SKY." ^ 

Only Route with Througfh Sleepers between Charleston and Atlanta* 
Pullman Sleepers between Aiken and Jersey City. 

Aiken, S. C, 565 feet above sea level, has a delightful climate of an average temperature, from November 
to April, of 53.10", and relative humidity of 57.80°. There are pleasant drives, and with the Highland Park 
Hotel, the convenient schedules and sleeping car lines, both West and North, there is no pleasanter place to 
spend the winter. Only twenty-two hours from Ne>v York 

Camden, S. C, is situated in the piney sandhills, 240 feet above tide water. Visitors speak in terms of 
sincerest praise of the sunny sky ; the pure, cool spring water ; the atmosphere that, always dry and balmy, 
and permeated with the balsamic odors of the pines, is never so warm as to be debilitating, and is never tinged 
with penetrating cold. 

Summerville, S. C, is delightfully situated just twenty miles north of Charleston, and is reached by 
trains at almost any hour in the day. Here will be found the pine woods odor so much sought after by those 
affected with lung or throat troubles. A beautiful modern hotel, the Pine Forest Inn, with all conveniences 
and comforts, and charmingly located, will welcome guests. The climate is delightful, being removed just 
far enough from the salt air to make it the suburban resort of the citizens of Charleston. 

W. H. EVANS, C. P. & T. A., Charleston Hotel, Charleston, S. C. L. A. EMERSON, T. M. 

Alili WeiiliwHslpot^JVLElD TOUI^ISTS VISIT 

JIugusta, 6a., and m Rotel Bon m 

(ON THE SAND HILLS). 

The Georgia Railroad 

IS THE ONLY DIRECT LINE BETWEEN 

AUGUSTA, THE WEST, NORTHWEST, 
SOUTH AND SOUTHWEST. 

Harlem, Qa. (Hotel Mildred), is one of the most pleasant winter resorts in the South;, 
located twenty-five miles west of Augusta, on the Georgia Railroad. 

Union Point, Greensboro, Madison and Washington, Qa., are among the most 
pleasant winter resorts on the Georgia Railroad. 

Schedules, maps and general information furnished upon application to the undersigned. 

See that your tickets read over the Georgia Railroad, between Augusta and Atlanta. 

JOE W. WHITE, T, P. A. A. G. JACKSON, G. P. A. 

No, 723 Broad Street, Augusta, Ga. 
J. U, KIRKLAND, P. A. J. F. ANDERSON, G. W. A, 

No. 8 Kimball House, Atlanta, Ga. St. Louis, Mo. 

Information of the routes and resorts named on this page at the Standard Guide Information Bureau. 




\ 



Tourist Resorts. 



THE PINEY WOODS HOTEL, 



THOMASVILLE, GEORGIA 

(.Fronting Paradise Park). 




First-class in 
Every Particular 
I Modern 
1 Appliances, 

Good Roads, 
I Excellent Livery, 
i Beautiful Drives, 
1 Bicycle Paths, 
J Golf Links, etc. 



W. E. DAVIES, 
Prop. 



W 



HEN you leave Florida for the North, don't go to the mountains and run into a snow- 
storm, as is often done, but stop at the 

SWEET WATER PARK HOTEL, 

At LITHIA SPRINGS, near ATLANTA, GA. 

It is a modern 200 room hotel. Electric lights, steam heat, glass inclosed porches, and 
the best Lithia water and baths known for rheumatism, kidney and bladder troubles. 

H. T. BLAKE, Proprietor, 

Late of Pass Christian, Miss., and Iron Springs, Colo. 
$2.50 to $3.50 per day. $14.00 to $20.00 per week. 

Detailed information at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 

ON THE WAY NORTH 




PLAN FOR A STAY AT THE 



HIGHLAND PARK HOTEL, 

AIKEN, S. C. 
In the Land of the Pines. 

Aiken has the driest climate east of the Rockies. 

Golf all winter. The Palmetto links are the best 
south of Washington. Tournaments in March. Tennis courts, polo grounds, fox hunting, and 
miles of good bicycle roads. The Highland Park Hotel enjoys an established popularity, and 
is under the management of PRIEST & EAGER. 

•Circulars of Piney Woods, Sweet Water Park and Highland Park also at Standard Guide Information Bureau. 



Sanitariums. 




The Hot Springs! 
of arkansas, i 

ONLY HEALTH RE50RT j 

OWNED, ENDORSED AND CONDUCTED BY \ 

The United States Government. 
I RECOGNIZED WINTER CAPITAL of the BEST SOCIETY \ 

% OF THE NATION. \ 

I The Superb Hotel Eastman is Now Open. 

% Three Hundred other Hotels and Boarding Houses open the year round at prices to suit \ 
^ all. Climate mild, with abundance of sunshine. Average winter temperature, 60^. ; 

I REDUCED EXCURSION. RATES ON RAILROADS. | 

»v Inquiries answered and illustrated pamphlets sent free upon application to 1 

I H. DURAND, Manager Hot Springs Lea§:ue, Hot Springs, Ark. \ 

Circulars a so at the Standard Guide Information Bureaus, St. Augustine and Palm Beach. 




Ii^e STEUBEN SANITARIUM 

At Hof nellsville, N. Y., 

is in a region remarkable for its healthfulness and freedom from 
tubercular disease The buildings (brick and stone and abso utely 
fireproof; embody the perlection of comfort. By the "fan" ven- 
tilating system pure air from without is heated 1072° Fahr. and 
distributed to every part of the building; thus, while the air is 
constantly changing, the temperature— in rooms and halls alike 
— is al.vays uniform. Within the Sanitarium walls there is no 
winter The methods of medical and surgical treatment are the 
rrost modern known to the world. Patients may avail themselves here of the skill of practitioners 
eminent in the profession, and at the same time find all the comforts of a luxurious home. Every form 
of bath massage, electricity and physical culture given by trained attendants. Send for our booklet. 

J. E. WALKER, M.D., Supt. 
'All classes 0/ cases treated^ except alcoholic^ contagiozis or insane. 



Circulars of the Steuben at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



THE STANDARD GUIDE TO WASHINGTON. 

No chapters devoted to Noah and the Flood. Practical, timely information for the 
tourist of to-day. Helps one to see Washington intelligently. Pictures — more than 
100. Handsome souvenir. Sold on trains, at hotel stands, everywhere; 25 cents. 
Remember the name — STANDARD GUIDE. Flag on the cover. 



Sanitariums. 

THE GLEN SPRINGS, Watkins Glen, N. Y. 




A Resort for those seeking Health, Rest or Pleasure. 

NEPTUNE BRINE BATHS, 

FOR RHEUMATISM, GOUT AND NERVOUS DISEASES. 

Neptune Spring is a 67 degrees brine, containing the largest amount of Chloride of 
Calcium of any spring in the world. 

CARBONATED NEPTUNE 
BRINE BATHS 

(The Nauheim treatment), for chronic 
diseases of the heart. 

All approved forms of Hydrotherapy and 
Electricity, flassage, Swedish nove= 
ments, Turkish and Russian Baths. 

VALUABLE MINERAL 
SPRINGS, 

Muriated, Alkaline, Chalybeate, lodo- 
Bromated and Brine, especially effica- 
cious in Disorders of Digestion, Gouty 
Conditions, Diabetes, Ansemia, Ner- 
vous Diseases, and Chronic Affections 
of the Kidneys. 

CLIHATE niLD, DRY AND EQUABLE. NO MALARIA. NO HAY FEVER. 

"Location overlooks thirty miles of Seneca I,ake. Sixty acres of Private Park; Golf Links, 
Tennis Courts, Bowling Alleys, etc. 

JUl the Appointments of a First-class HoteL A Medical Staff of Experienced Physicians. 

No insane or other objectionable cases received. Send for Illustrated Book. 

WM. E, LEFFINGWELL, Manager, Watkins, N. Y, 

Circulars of the Glen Springs at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 




VIEW FROM THE GLEN SPRINGS PARK. 



Hotels and Totirist Routes. 



JACKSONVILLE, FLA. 

Grand Uiew 1)0tel 

Cooks and Help selected from 
White Mountain Resorts. 



TfiBliE HIGH CliflSS. 

NEATNESS AND HOME COMFORTS 

A Leading Feature. 

TERMS VERY REASONABLE. 
Open November 1 5 to May l . 

Send for circular. Address 

G. W. SMITH, Proprietor. 



MALLORY 




s. s. 



LINES 

(New York and Texas Steamship Co.), f 

\ PLYING BETWEEN NEW YORK \ 

2 AND ► 

\ TEXAS, GEORGIA and FLORIDA. \ 

\ TEXAS (Galveston) ROUTE. \ 

<|| A delightful six days' voyage by sea to Galves- j[t 
t|| ton, thence by rail to all points in Texas, also to ^ 
<^ Mexico City, Denver, Colorado Springs, Salt {)i 
13 Lake City, San Francisco, etc., and all California {[t 
^ winter resorts. Single and excursion tickets. |k 

\ ^ 

J GEORGIA-FLORIDA ROUTE, \ 

\ Only Sixty Hours Ijy Sea > 

J Bet. BRUNSWICK, Ga. and NEW YORK J 

ijj Steamer train leaves Jacksonville, Friday, 7 A.M. |» 
III (via F. C. & P. R'y, Everett City, and Southern ji; 
<|j Railway) direct "All Kail," arriving at Bruns- |[t 
<!{ wick noon, passengers can go at once on board p> 
4 for dinner. ^ 

ifl Baggage checked through to New York from ^ 
III Jacksonville and all points on all Florida railroads. |K 

^ Rates Lower than by any other Route. J* 

^ IIIAS. DAVIES, Ast., 2'20 West Biij- St., .liicksonvillc, Fla. E 
<D t. H. MALLOKY&IO., (ion. A^ts., Piir 20 E.R., Now York. {|i 




HOTEL ROSELAND. 

'T'HE Hotel Roseland, with all its beauty, 

elegance and iiome comforts, is now open 

for the season. ji ^ . ^ S J* 

Since last year it has been renovated and 
refitted throughout. Each room is provided with 
electric lights and bells; the buildings repainted 
and the grounds beautified. Vegetables for the 
table cuUeti from our private garden. ^ ^ 

Call and investigate before going elsewhere. 
W. T. S. VINCENT, Prop., JacksonviUe, Fla. 



THE HOLLY INN, ^ ^ Daytona, Fla. 




O. HOWES, Proprietor. 



Rates, $2.50 and up. Special by the week. 



Information of all the above at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Jacksonville Hotels. 




THE ST, JAMES, 



OVERLOOKING ST. JAMES PARK. 
Accommodations for 500 Guests. 



Jacksonville, Florida. 
J. R. Campbell. 



^acioe 




HOTEL PLACIDE. 



N. L. WARD, Prop., JACKSONVILLE, FLA. Main Street, One Block from Bay. 

Open all the year. • Rates, $2.50 to $4.00 per day. ■ Special rates to families by week or month. 

EVERYTHING NEW AND FIRST=CLASS. 

i Circulars of the St. James and the Placide at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine 



S^. Augtistine Hotels. 




Fl-O R I D fir. 



Decembeir to May. 



J 



npHE HOTEL MAGNOLIA is centrally 
^ located, on St. George Street, m one of 
the quaintest and most picturesque quarters of 
St. Auorustine. 

The building is in the Queen Anne style, 
and nearly all front rooms command fine views 
of the Bay and Ocean. 

Distilled water for drinking. Perfect sani- 
tary arrangements. Hot and cold water baths. 
Electric bells. Lighted throughout with gas. 
Terms moderate. | 

Palmer & McDowell, Managers. 

Circulars of the Magnolia at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



S^. Augustine Hotels. 

"The * St. • George," 

5t. Augustine, Fla. 



''«**^-^ 




^^ Corner of St. George Street and the Plaza.^- 

Located in the very center of the city, and only a few steps 
from the Ponce de Leon and Casino, the old Cathedral, Bay and 
Post-Office; yet is quiet and retired; surrounded by its own broad 

lawns and the beautiful adjoining grounds 
^'^^^ j^ \/ of the old Episcopal Church. 

The St. George is the most comfort- 
ably and completely furnished, the most 
home-like, and altogether the most attrac- 
f^i>^\c/^^^i!^'-^^^^- tive Family Hotel in "Ye Ancient Citie." 
"l^o-|-Eij^^^(^_C^^ "** With a careful and liberal management, 

a Cuisine of noted and superior excel- 
lence, and efficient Service — it caters to 
people of culture and refinement who appreciate quiet, comfort 
and good living. Very moderate rates. 

SEND FOR BOOKLET. C^ j)^ TYLER, Owner and Manager. 

Circulars also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau. 




S^. Augustine Hotels. 




-^The* Barcelona 



Corner of Carrera and Sevilla Streets, 

ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA. 

Beautiful for situation. All modern improvements. Sleeping 

rooms newly furnished. Perfect sanitary arrangements. 

Good family table and home comforts. 

-}l OPEN NOVEMBER TO MAY. I{- 

■ R, E. HASSELTINE-. 

•Eight Years at Hasseltine Cottage, 

OPPOSITE Magnolia Hotel. Circulars also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine, 



^SV. Augustine Hotels. 



THE FLORIDA, St. Augustine, Florida. 



ai:i 






LOPIDA 

*©).TAKii:^&r.T)Roj^ 



* 




* 



This hotel is upon the highest natural ground in the canter of the city, and the most convenient to places of amusement 
and interest. With its southern and favorable exposure it is the most thoroughly dry. Its peculiar surroundings shelter it 
from any inclement changes, insuring the enjoyment of lawn and verandas with safety. The water used for drinking and 
•cooking has been long known and remembered for its superiority, and is the very best in the city Equipped with elevator, 
gas, electric bells and all modern conveniences. Capacity, 250 guests. Special inducements to guests for January and 
'February. Reduced from $4 to $2 and I3 per day. J. T. SKILES, formerly Luray Inn, late Eseeola Inn. 

THE BUCKINGHAM, opposite Alcazar, Granada Street. 

A NEW FAHILY HOTEL. 




Large rooms, modern appointments, terms mo 'erate. For particulars address 0. C. HOWE, Proprietor. 

Circulars of the Florida House and Buckingham at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Si. A ugustine. 



THE WOMAN^S EXCHANGE 



<5''^-r''' 



\ 



e^flf 







No.214 St. George Street, 

ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA, 



In a quaint old house on St. Ceoige Street, 
just south of the Plaza, are the rooms of the 
Woman's Exchange. Here may be found all 
kinds of embroidery, fancy work, art work, 
and Spanish drawn work, each piece an inter- 
esting example of its class. Plain sewing and 
mending are done. 

Fresh home-made cake is always in stock, 
with jellies, preserves and candies. Orders- 
are taken for pies and bread ; and for beef tea, 
chicken broth, wine jelly, and other delica- 
cies for the sick. Orders for teas and 
luncheons a specialty. 

A few nicely furnished rooms 
to let for gentlemen. J- J- ^ 



THE LORILLARD VILLA, St. George street. St. Augustine 




THE VILLA FROM ST. GEORGE STREET. 

The Lorillard Villa affords a pleasant home in St. Augustine. The location is very- 
convenient, midway between Plaza and Gateway. It is the only house on North St. George- 
Street which is set back from the street and has spacious grounds. Guests appreciate its. 

homelike air without and within. Terms, $2.00 to $3.00 per day; Special per week. 

MRS. J. V. HERNANDEZ & SON. 

Circulars of the Exchange, and of the Villa, at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine.. 



SL a ugiistine. 

THE ST. AUGUSTINE CYCLE CO. 



189r MODEL WHEELS | 

LN STOCK: | 

Victor^ - - - $100 (1 

Wolff-American, - - $100 § 

Rambler, - - - $80 f 

Phoenix, _ _ _ © 

Crescent, - - $40 to $75 @ 

Patee, - - - - $60 | 

Special, - - - $35 # 



Leadin§: Bicycle House in Florida. 

FULL LINE OF SUNDRIES. 

Renting:, Repairing: and Instruction. 

F. W. BEERS, 31 King Street. 

St, Augustine has a fine Bicycle track, and the 
best roads ill the South. 





Est- FLifHFr i£S4. 

C. F. SULZNER, Manufacturing Jeweler. 

Maker of Spanish Coat-of-Arms Souvenirs of all kinds, in gold, silver and 
enamel, in Belt Buckles, Sleeve Buttons, Hat Pins, Stick Pins, Tea and Coffee 
Spoons, etc., etc. 

Sterling Silver Souvenirs in exclusive designs all made on the premises. 

Factory, No. 174 St. George Street, ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA. 

Summer BRAycH : Narragansett Pier. 

THE KEVSTOflE, 



Under the Arch between the Towers 
of the Cordova, on King Street. «^ «^ 

^HE charm of the Keystone is that it is so 
delightfully unconventional; one feels that this 
is not an ordinary shop, but a place of pretty things, 
i: The same quality marks the goods shown here. 
They are choice in selection, artistic, and of real 
worth. Souvenir Spoons and Orange Knives, 
Colored Photographs, articles of Alligator Leather, 
Burned Leather and Native Woods — this is but to 
begin the long list. Tenney's candies are received 
direct from New York. All the new books, maga- 
zines and the latest fashions in stationery. An 
The Keystone, attractive place to while away an hour in St. 

HOTEL CORDOVA, . • 

Between the Towers AUgUSlUie. 

Circulars of all the above also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 




Ill Urcico. 



EI Unico Orange Knives 



ElUnico 

Pi^i2dcl^ivfe5 

ti>eRpuijdTower 



ARE UNIQUE. 

These knives, of peculiar pat- 
tern, were designed at ElUnico, 
the shop in the Round Tower 
of Hotel Cordova, and are most 
appropriate souvenirs of St. Au- 
gustine. They are not sold in 
Northern shops. 

The fine saw-edge cuts quick- 
ly through the orange without 
expressing any of. the oil from the skin, and the points 
are useful in extracting the seeds ; the long blade is as 
suitable for cutting grape fruit or pinapples as oranges. 

The four different souvenir 

handles shown on the opposite 

page and a dozen other patterns 

are offered at ElUnico. at prices 

ranging from 60 cents to $15 

each. Only at ElUnico can be 

found a complete assortment 

of these unique knives. Orange 

knives and spoons of harmoni- 
ous design are shown in sets of 

dozens, half dozens, and single 

knife and spoon. 



EI Unlco 




In the Round Tower of Hotel Cordova, r 
ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA. 



IN THE EOUND TOWER. 



SL Augustine. 




No. 7. 




No. 






No. 7. Pearl handle, with ferrule and 
tip of sterling silver, with views of city 
gateway, ancient coat -of -arms, cocoanut 
palms and pineapples. . , Price^ $3,00 

No. 9. Handle of grain celluloid, with 
sterling silver ferrule having on one side a 
representation of the city gateway and a 
bunch of oranges with blossoms, and on 
the other side a cocoanut palm tree. 

Price, $1.25 

No. 4. Handle of ivory antique, un- 
breakable, with design of palm leaves and 
sea shells, and showing the city gateway 
on one side and old Fort San Marco on 
the other side Price, $J.50 

No. II. Sterling silver handle, showing 
on one side the city gateway, a pineapple 
plant and the emblematic dolphin ; on the 
other side the watch tower of the old fort, 
a leaf of the royal palm, and a branch of 
oranges and blossoms, . . Price, $3.50 



No II 



No. 4. 



Twenty other patterns at prices ranging from 60 cents to $15 
each. Orange spoons in souvenir designs to match the knives. 

At ClUnlco will also be found a choice selection of richly 
■enameled wares in sterling silver. 

In the Round Tower ^1 UmCO. 

of Hotel Cordova, J- CHOICE SOUVENIRS IN ORIGINAL 

St. Augustine, Fla. AND EXCLUSIVE DESIGNS. ^ ^ 



S^. Augicstine. 




Press Button Florida 
Pocket Knife, d^ ^ ^ 




Press the button, the blade flies open and 
remains open, firmly locked, until the but- 
ton is pressed again to close it. Quality 
of blades and perfect working of mechan- 
ism are guaranteed. 

The handle is of sterling silver and is a historical 
souvenir of Florida. On one side are shown in high 
relief a cocoanut palm tree; a portrait of Osceola, the 
Seminole; and the tower of Fort Marion, from which 
Coacoochee made his escape. 

On the other side are the City Gateway, a bunch of 
leaves and blossoms of the Royal Poinciana tree, the 
old City Coat-of-arms and the head of Ponce de Leon, 
above which is the flag of "Cuba Libre," typifying the 
end of Spanish rule in America. 

The knife is also shown with handles richly gilded 
and enameled. These charming and unique souvenir 
knives are sold by the designers. 

In the Round Tower ^1 UmCO 

of Hotel Osrdova, <^ Makers of Choice Souvenirs in. 

St. Augustine, Fla* ^ Original and Exclusive Designs* 



S^. A ugustine. 



% HOUSES centrally located in St. * 

% Augustine bring nigh rents. Any % 

% 1 -n 11 1 '^ 

% real estate agent will tell you that % 

% each year the demand for such houses % 

:^ far exceeds the supply. ;^ 

,;^ I own two parcels of land just ;^ 



* 



^ across the street from the grounds of 
^ the Hotel Alcazar, only one block from 

W the entrance to Hotel Ponce de Leon. W 

^ One piece of land comprises ten, the ^ 

^ • • ^ 

^ other seven city residence lots; each ^ 

f^ . '• * 

7^ piece fronts on two streets. # 

* . * 
^ I will sell one of these parcels of ^ 

# land at a very low price to a person ^ 
^ who will build efood houses on it. ^ 
;^ There is no doubt as to the profitable- ^ 
7^ ness of the investment. ;^ 

I WARD G. FOSTER. | 

1 Ho« ?oUr'°', .. ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA. 1 

*„. ,r * 



St. Atigtistine and 

THE ABBEY, 

Near the City Gates, 
St. George Street, St. AUGUSTINE. 

A quiet and cosy New England home, 
strictly under Northern management. 

HOT SULPHUR BATHS 

FREE TO GUESTS. 

ELECTRIC BELLS, &c. 

Rates, $2 per day. Special rates hy the 
week or season. 

BRACEY CURTIS, Proprietor. 



West Palm Beach. 

THE PALMS. 

New^ Hotel, New Furniture, 
Modern Improvements. ^ 

FI^OHTIHG OH BEflUTiptJli 
lAflKE WOHTH. 

Now open for the winter of '96 and '9f. 

$2.00 to $3.00 per day. ^ Special 

rates by the week. 

Address 

THE PALMS, 

West Palm Beach, Fla. 



PLAZA HOTEL, 

ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA. 

Most centrally located, fronting the old 

Spanish Plaza and the Atlantic Ocean. 

Splendid view from its long and broad 
verandas. 

Rates: $2.00 per day and upward. 
Special rates hy the week. 

FIRST-CLASS TABLE BOARD 

At Reasonable Rates. 
J. J. J. MRS. A. S. PELL. 



INFORMATION 

Of all the hotels, resorts, 
and railroad and steamship 
lines, and articles advertised 
in these pages may be found 
at the Standard Guide In- 
formation Bureau, in the 
Round Tower of the Hotel 
Cordova. J- ^ J- ^ J- 



DR. E. M. GOODRICH, 

Northern Dentist ^^ ^^ 



OF 



^ 25 Years' Experience. 

Office and Residence, 

NORTH ST. GEORGE STREET, 

Near the City Gates. 



W. A. COX, 

PHOTOGRAPHER 

109 St. George Street, 

Opposite Magnolia Hotel, 

ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA. 

SPECIAL ATTENTION TO DEVELOPING 
AND FINISHING FOR AMATEURS. ^ ^ 

Kodaks, Dry Plates, Films 
and Photo Supplies. ^*- ^ 

Florida Views and Paper Weights. 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. 



Information of all the above at the Standard Gui.:e Information T-ureau, St. Augustine. 



S^. Ausiustine. 








' f ^'^ 



iUft^ '"**'' 



THE LYON GROCERY CO. 

In their store in the Lyon Building (adjoining the Cordova), the Lyon Grocery Co. 
show a complete stock of high grade Groceries. Confectionery, Cigars, Peter Henderson & Co 's 
Flower and Vegetable Seeds. ^^% Fine Teas. Coffee and Butter are Specialties. Phone 26» 



G. T. BUNTING, 



MANUFACTURER -OF AND DEALER IN 



Furniture, Mattresses and Pillows. 



CHARTER OAK STOVES AND RANGES. 



PICTURE FRAMES, MOULDINGS 
AND FANCY CABINET WARE, -m 



(N. B.— Undertaking Department entirely separate.) 



TELEPHONE, Store No. 3. 



No. 66 North Charlotte Street, St. Augustine, Fla. 

Circulars of both the above at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



k 



S^. Augustine and N'ew Orleans. 
When in Florida, register at or write to the office of 




■^i' 



X 4T.E ^ ^ 



TflTUE^ 





^ , 


of Florida 


Society. 


^ ^ 


^ ^ 



'T'HE TATLER is published every Saturday, at No. 2S Alcazar, St. Augustine, in the interests 
of Florida hotels and resorts. A record of social events, journeyings of visitors, items of 
interest about hotel guests, notes of travel. It reaches hundreds of tourists to tiie State and 
interested visitors of former seasons. 

"We sell more copies ofTheTatler than of any other weekly in St. Augustine." — Union News Co. 

Sample Copies free on applicalion. Subscription Price, $i oo fjr season. 

Adv-rtising rates, $15 per inch tor season. 

Mrs. ANNA M. MARCOTTE, Editor and Proprietor. 

Visitors to the State are invited to send name ^nd journeyings to Editor; all correspond- 
ence strictly confidential. Live news and social matters furnished newspapers. 



NEW ORLEANS. 

Quaint, Historic New Orleans. J- ^ ^ Queen City of the South. 

' I 'HE Mecca of tourists in search of 
■'■ health, recreation and pleasure, 
combining the advantages of a large 
city, its theaters, French Opera, rac- 
ing, etc., with a climate more equable 
and salubrious than either Florida or 
California. 

THE NEW 




St. Charles Hotel, 

One of the latest and best in the 
country. 

ABSOLUTELY FIREPROOF. 

400 rooms, single or en suite. J 20 private bath-rooms. 

First-class in every respect, with every modern appliance for comfort and convenience. 
Open-air promenade in sunshine or shade. Pure distilled drinking water. 

AMERICAN PLAN? 

Transient Rates, $4.00 per day upwards. Liberal reduction by the week, month or season. 
ANDREW R. BLAKELY & CO., Limited, Proprietors. 

^W° Get descriptive folder of the St. Charles at the Standari Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Tourist Routes. 



t 



The Romantic Route to 
the SUNNY SOUTR 



%^ 



«^ 



^^ 



St. Louis & New Orleans 

ANCHOR LINE. 



^ 



^ 



^ 



** I '^HE eleg:ant passenger steamets of this line 

leave St. Louis weekly for New Orleans, 

makingf the most delightful trip on the continent 

to the Winter Resorts of the Sooth. J- J- 



Send for handsome illustrated and descriptive folder. J- ^ 

CHAS. M. BERKLEY, 

Gen'l Pass, and Ticket Agent, 

ST. LOUIS. 



Information of the Anchor Line also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



De Land. 



JOHN B. STETSON UNIVERSITYj 



DE LAND, FLORIDA. 




Leading Educational Insti=i 
tution of the State. 

COLLEGE, 

ACADEHIC, 

NORMAL^ 
ART AND MUSIC 

DEPARTMENTS., 

Ideal Climate. ^ ^ 
Northern Standards. 

For catalogues address 

J. F. FORBES, 

Presdent. 



ELIZABETH HALL. 



HOTEL COLLEGE ARMS, .^ De Land, Fla. 




Modern and first-class in all eaiu'pments. Electric light, artesian water, perfect sanitation; cuisine of high 
standard. The cheerful rooms look out over the charming town. There are walks, drives and water excursions. 
De Land is famed for its healthfulness and attractiveness Terms, $3 00 per dav and upward Special to families. 
For further ii. formation apply to C. W. RIPLEY, Managfer, De Land, F a (Prop. The Sippican, Mario-i, Mass.) 

Information of the Stetson University and College Arms Hotel at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Florida Hotels. 




HOTEL COQUINA, 



ORMOND=BY=THE=SEA, 



FLORIDA. 



Attractions are Orange Groves, Gardens, Walks, Drives, Bicycling, Boating 
and Fishing, Surf Bathing all the year. Rate, $3.00 to $3.50. 

SEISER & VININQ, Managers. 




THE PUTNAM, 



DE LAND, FLA. 

nr^HE PUTNAM is De 
largest hotel. Situated 
midst of an orange grove, 
fortable and home-like, 
moderate. Accommodations for one 
hundred. 

M. E. GOULD & CO. 



Land's 

in the 

Com- 

Rates 



THE HARLAN HOTEL 

At Lake Helen is conducted again this year by Miss .S. Kempe, who so successfully con- 
ducted it for four seasons previous to last year. Lake Helen, seventy miles southwest of St. 
Auo-ustine, is in the great pine forest and is surrounded by orange groves The Harlan, 
overlooking the lake, is a comfortably furnished and well-kept house, Fresh vegetables 
and strawberries from the hotel garden. Terms: $2 50 to $3.50 per day; special by the week. 
Address Miss S. KEMPE, Proprietor. 

Lake Helen is reached by the A. & W. Branch of the East Coast Railway, connecting at 
New Smyrna; also by the J , T. & K W. Railway via Orange City Junction. 

Circulars of the Coquina, Putnam and Harlan at th':; Standard Guide Information Tureau, St. Augustine. 



Hotels. 



MIAMI, FLORIDA, HOTEL MIAML 



The most comfortable and home- 
like hotel on the Florida East Coast. 
Accommodates 250 guests. 

Rates, $2.50 to $3.00 per day. 
Special rates by week or month. 

S. GRAHAM, Proprietor. 












j 


'-" ,.-.:'. 


V 




'W^^^ftMl 


linHi^'^'^'i'fi^S^' 


~ - 




' ?JW 


-^^» 


IiIk 



5? ot^VfeS 



HOTEL MIAMI. 




FORT DALLAS, HOME OF MRS. JULIA D. TUTTLE. 




REAL ESTATE. 
A. E. KINGSLEY, Gen. Agt. 

FOR 

MRS. JULIA D. TUTTLE. 

OFFICE, HOTEL MIAMI. 



Hotel Conolly, 

MIAMI, FLORIDA. 

"PERFECTLY new hotel, -with all modern 
improvements. Located on park, one 
block from Hotel Royal Palm, commanding- 
splendid view of Biscayne Bay. Rates, $2.00 
per da\' and upward. Special rates by week 
or month. 



^.jCuuiNGro^-, 





dTON, 



WJKSniMCiTOM, DC. 

15th St., near U.5. Treasury. 



FORMERLY WELCKERS. 

European Plan, $1.00 per day and up. 
American Plan, $3.00 per day and up. 

L. M. FITCH, Proprietor. 

Information of the Miami, Conolly and Wellington at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



First=Class Restaurant and Cafe. 
Transient and Permanent Quests. 



Nas. 



~a7t. 



THE ROYAL VICTORIA HOTEL, 



NASSAU, BAHAMAS. 




Magnificently situated ; 
admirably kept ; excel- 
lent cuisine. Well known 
as the cleanest and best 
hotel in the West Indies. 
Low rates and great in- 
ducements for permanent 
guests. Nassau has cable 
communication with the 
United States. There 
is sea bathing every day 
in the year on a beach 
that cannot be surpassed. 
The sailing is perfect and 
the roads unequaled for 
cycling f-'rom Novem- 
ber till May a more de- 
lightful climate cann3t be 
found for invalid, tourist, 
sportsman or pleasure 
, seeker — the mercury 
ranging 65° to 75°, and 
rarely varying =;° in 
twenty-four hours. 

S. S, MORTON, 

PROPRIETOR. 



THE TROPICS: Nassau^ Cuba^ Mexico* 

The Most Famous Health and Pleasure Resorts 
in the "West Indies and Gulf of Mexico. J" J- 

The steamers of the New York and Cuba Mail Steamship Company (Ward Line) leave New 
York for Nassau, Santiago and Cienfuegos every other Thursday; for Havana and Mexican 
ports, every Wednesday and Saturday. 

Nassau is reached in seventy hours. It is tlie sanitarium of the Western Hemisphere, with 
an equable winter climate of 70" t3 78', and a variation of not over s° in twenty-four hours. 
Malaria, rheumatism, kidney and lung troubles speedily benefited and often cured. The Royal 
Victoria Hotel is most comfortable and well kept by an American. The physicians of Nassau 
are well known for their ability. 

Havana is the Paris of the Tropics. The Cuban winter is genial and the niglits cool. The 
most delicate invalid who can travel at all will find Cuba restful and beneficial in that season 
of the year. 

flexico offers with the least discomfort a variety of climate t!iat should please tourist or 
invalid. Tiiere is mucli to interest and learn witliin the borders of our sister republic. 

The steamers are new, full-powered steel ships that offer all the luxury and safety of modern 
seagoing travel. 

For full information, beautifully illustrated pamphlets, maps, climatic tables, etc. (all sent free 
on application), apply to 

J- ^ J- JAMES E. WARD & CO., IJ3 Wall Street, New York. 

Information of the WarJ Line, Nassau, and the Royal Victoria at the Standard Guide Information Bureau. 



The Standard Guide. 

The South's Famous^Hea^ Resort. 

"Way down on de Suwanee Ribber." 

SUWANEE SPRINGS, 

Suwanee, Florida. 

Situated on the Main Line of the Savannah, Florida & Western Railway^ 

174 Miles from Savannah, Ga. 
90 Miles from Jacksonville, Fla. 

Assured Cure for Kidney Troubles. 

DAILY DEMONSTRATED TO BE 

An Infallible 
Mineral IVater 

IN THE CURE OF 

Rheumatism, Gout, Malaria, Indigestion, Nervous Dyspepsia, Constipation,. 
Loss of Appetite, Nervous Prostration, Skin Diseases, Liver Diseases, 
Jaundice, Female Troubles, Eczema and all Blood Affections. 

Hotel Accommodations Unsurpassed 

Circulars also at the Standard Guide Information Bureaus. 




BAHLE CREEK SANITARIUM 




HEALTH FOODS 

The line of health foods manufactured by the SANITARIUfl HEALTH 

FOOD CO. is so well and favorably known, that little needs to be said as to their 
quality and genuineness. 

The demand for these foods originated at the Battle Creek Sanitarium, itself a 
pioneer in reforms, where was felt the necessity of providing suitable dietetic prepara- 
tions of a special character. 

The standard raised at the inception of the enterprise has been maintained and 
elevated by scrupulous attention to details and the utilization of the unequaled facili- 
ties afforded by the extensive laboratories of the Sanitarium ; hence, all foods produced 
by this company can be relied upon as being 

STRICTLY PURE, 



and Made with Special Reference to 
Healthful Properties, rather than to 
command a sale. Prominent among the different foods may be mentioned 

highly nutritious and toothsome. The process of preparation 
is such that every element of an irritating character is elimi- 
, nated. Thoroughly cooked and READY FOR USE. One 
pound more than equals three pounds of best beef in nutrient value. 

A NEW CEREAL FOOD, thoroughly sterilized. Its use 
clears the tongue and stomach of germs. CURES constipation, 
biliousness, sick-headache, and indigestion. A capital food for 
Good for everybody, both sick and well. 



Granola, 



Granost 

sedentary people. C 

QRANOSE is the invention of a physician of many years' experience. 
QRANOLA received highest award at the Columbian and Atlanta Expositions, 

and QRANOSE a special gold medal at the latter. 
For circular describing complete line of Health Foods address, 

BATTLE GREEK SANITARIUM HEALTH FOOD CO., 

Battle Creek:, Mich. 



Cereal 



A most delicious substi- 
tute for the Coffee 
Bean, and contains 
none of its harmful 
properties. 



Pro^essive physicians have, for many years, recognized the 
fact that tea and coffee are responsible for indigestion, impoverished 
blood, starved nerves, bad complexion, facial eruptions, and other 
ailments, and consequently have felt the necessity of a substitute 
which would be A.GrICE^E>iVBIvE>9 and at the same time 
KlE^I-^IA.BIl*']!©. This demand has been met by 



Catamel^^Ceteal 



It is prepared from wheat by a process which develops from the 
grain an aroma and a flavor closely resembling those of genuine 
Mocha or Java. STRICTLY PURE. No harmful adulterating 

substances, used. 

has been used for over twenty years, at the Battle Creek San= 
itarium, and the demand has increased daily until it has become 
the most widely known of all coffee substitutes;. Try it, and yoti 
will always use it. Send two two-cent stamps for sample package 
if your grocer does, not keep it. 

MANUFACTURED BY 

Battle Greek Sanitarium Health Food Co., 

BATTLE CREEK, MICH. 



The Siaitdard Guide 

PHOTOGRAPHIC 
SIMPLICITY ^ ^ 



Is embodied in tiie 'q6 Model Bulls-Eye 
Cameras. They load in daylight with our 
light-proof film cartridges and make pho- 
tography easy for the novice — delightful 
for every one. 

$8.00 and $12.00. 

EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, 

Booklet free. Rochester, N. Y. 





A Hi§fh Grade Commercial SchooL 

This Institution has Iiad a conspicuously successful career of thirty- 
thiee yeais, and is at piesent one of the largest and most influential 
schools ot Its class It has three courses of study, viz., a Commercial 
couise, a Shorthand couise and a Practical English course. 

The Commercial Course 

Embiaces Book-keeping, by double and single entry. Commercial 
Law, Practical Aiithmetic, Practical English Grammar, Practical Pen- 
manship, Correspondence, Orthography, Business Practice, office 
work, etc., and is designed to equip young people in the shortest 
possible time consistent with absolute thoroughness for business life. 

The Shorthand Course 

Includes Shorthand, Typewriting, Practical Grammar, Correspondence, 
Composition, Orthography and Business Writing, and is designed to 
educate practical, expert all-round stenographers. 

The Practical Engflish Course 

Embraces Practical English Grammar, Composition, Correspondence, Commercial Arithmetic, 
Civil Government, Practical Penmanship and Orthography; and is designed, first, as a prepa- 
ration for the commercial course, when such preparation is required; and second, to afford 
practical knowledge to those whose advantages have been limited. 

Post Graduate Course. 

During the summer months each yeai a class is organized to accommodate teachers in all 
parts of the country who wish to become familiar with Williams & Rogers' publications, and 
with the Rochester Business University methods of teaching, which will give special attention 
to advanced commercial work. Pupils for regular course also received for the summer school. 
A copy of the 

Thirty-second Annual Catalogue, 

Containing an outline of the course of study, conditions of admission, rates of tuition, names 
of last year's pupils, etc., will be mailed to any address. 

Circulars of the Kodak and of Rochester University at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine 



Bicycles. 






I 

f 



Qj\/cAi}(^ppefs Q/\fluf(^pper.t (a/SToMJ^Bpfoeio 

New Clipper Bearings. 

" Detroit, Mich., Oct. 5, 1896. 
Grand Rapids Cycle Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. 
Gentlemen: — 

I want to congratulate you on your Clipper 
Bicycle bearings for '96. So far we have not replaced 
a single bearing, nor heard of one wearing in the 
.slightest manner. Yours truly 

J. F. MACAULEY." 

Mr. Maoauley sold 314 18^6 Clipper Bicycles up to 
Sept. 1st., IHOG. 

Q/\^u/^(/js)/oerj Q/\/e.u/(^/jDpeAJ Q/^/eu/^fffpeAf 




The Clipper may be seen at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Bicycles. 

^ Why Certainly it is ^ 

I *^ Peerless'' i 




^I^ SEE ITS JOINTS? Now you see 'em, now you don't. --^ 

^~ They're the invisible kind ! — ^ 

•^ BEARINGS? Tool Steel, best can be made. IlJ 

^Z FINISH? A very work of art. — ^ 

g== PRICE, $100.00, not less. 3 

^ Peerless Manufacturing Co. ^ 

^ — MAKERS ALSO OF IIIK "^ 

% PATROL, t?h"e?fr:'*' $65.00. ^ 

^ ^=,^ CLEVELAND, O. ^ 

Circulars also at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



Bicycles, 




There's no more pleasurable sensation 
than riding along a good, smooth road at 
a lively clip on a bicycle in which you 
have perfect confidence. 

The Stearns is a wheel to be trusted. 
On the level, it runs without an effort; 
the labor of an up-hill climb is lessened 
by its lightness and ease of running; 
down the hill, over stones and "thank- 
you-mums" its strength comes into play. 

For an all 'round wheel you cannot do 
better than buy a Yellow Fellow; you 
may easily do worse. 

E. C. STEARNS & COMPANY, 
Syracuse, N. Y. 
Toronto- Or.t. 




Bicycles. 



Everybody Knows 

^TRIBUNE 
i BICYCLES. 



Write for new '97 
Catalogue* ^ ^ 




A 

"") ^e, p^iJlL^liiiiii 




THE 



DAYTON 

A vision of beauty. 
A marvel of strength. 
A flash of spe ed* 
A dream of ease, 

A Bicycle Revelation. 



Write for catalogue. 

the davis 
Sewing Machine 

COMPANY, 
DAYTON, OHIO. 

New York e^ Chicago J* Boston 
London ^ Paris. 

Circulars of ths Tribune and the Dayton at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 




Bicycles. 

ECLIPSE BICYCLES 

For 1897 

ARE BEST FOR TOURISTS^ USE« 

2,448 Lbs, of Humai^ity, 
24 Lbs. of Bicycle. J^ t^ 

THEY STAND THE TEST. 

See the model in the Round Tower at St. Augustine, Florida. 

WHEELS RENTED TO TOURISTS 

At I40J H Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. 

ECLIPSE BICYCLE CO., elmira, n. y. 

Branches : Boston, Philadelphia, Washingfton. 

Circulars of the Eclipse at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 

We Make Wheels Too ^ ^ ^ ^ 

THE 

ELDREDQE - BELVIDERE 

A Keyless cranks* 

Ij/ Ball bearings in which the balls roll* 

SEE OUR I Ball retainers. 

j;^ / Absolutely dust-proof washers. 

^' \ Friction adjustable handle bar* 

FEATURES. | ^^^^ ^^'^^^^ 

l\ Drop forged fork crown. 
Write for catalogue. ^ Ocvoic^ of eight regular colors of enamel. 

NATIONAL SEWING MACHINE CO. 

BELVIDERE, ILL. 

Circulars of the Eldredge and Belvidere at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 



The Standard Gtnde. 






IF you are looking for lands for g-eneral 
farming-, stock ranch, fruit and vegetable 
growing, or a site for a home on the East 
Coast of Florida, between St. Augustine 
and Miami on Biscayne Bay, call on or write 
to J. E. INQRAHAM, Land Commissioner, 
Florida East Coast Railway, St. Augus= 
tine, Florida, j-j-j-j-j-j-j-j-j- 



i 




.«.«■«■«.«-«■«.■«■«-«'«-« o-*^ 

« 



"Most As 
Bi§: As My 
Big Dollie/' 



Lighten tlie burden 
of heating your home 
with our 



Aluminum \ 
Oil Heater j 



Odorless and smokeless; can be carried 
about, lighted and managed by a cliild 
witli i>f'''fect security. A deliglit in tlie 
liousehold; we guai'antee it to please. 
Large size weighs twenty-tliree lbs, lieats 
a suite of rooms. Small size fourteen lbs. 
heats large room. Order one; we pay tlie 
freiglit. Write for circulars. 

NOVELTY MFG. CO., Jackson, Mich. ^ 



WINTER PARK, FLA. 

THE ROGERS 



Beautifully situated, overlooking lakes, 

orange groves and town. Near depot, 

churches, post, telegraph 

offices, etc. 

LIGHT, AIRY, WELL FURNISHED ROOMS. 

Luxurious beds. Table supplies with Z/'^' 
best. Pure soft water on each floor. 



Rates, $2.00, $2.50 to $3.00 Per Day. 
$10.00 to $16.00 Per Week. 



Address, A. E. & A. R. ROGERS. 

Circulars also at the'''' Standard Guide'" 
Itifortnation Bureau, St. Augustine. 



East Coast Hotels. 

The Florida East Coast Hotel Systew 

C. B. KNOTT, General Superintendent, 

ST. AUGUSTINE. 




ST. AUCU'ifllvE 

HOTEL PONCE DE LEOrj. HOTEL ALCAZAR. 

GiLLis & Murray, Managers. Open January to April. Jos. P. Greaves, Manager. Open November to May. 




ST. ALbU&TINE. 

HOTEL CORDOVA. 



OEMOMD. 

HOTEL ORMOND. 



Rooms Only. February and March. Anderson & Prick, Managers. Open January ii to April 




rxVLii j;l \( u. palu i,tACH. 

HOTEL ROYAL POINCIANA. PALM BEACH INN. 

Fred. Sterry, Manager. Open January 20 to April. Fred. Sterry, Manager. Open December to May. 

ROYAL PALM, ! 

H. W. Merrill, Manager. Mlmvii, Biscayne Bay, Florida. 

Detailed information of the East Coast Hotel System will be given at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine, 



The Great Hotels 



OF THE 



East Coast 



AT ^ 



me 



OfiHpnii 



n^ 



and the famous Orange Groves, Pineapple Plantations, 

Cocoanut Groves and Vegetable Farms of the country tributary to 

INDIAN RIVER, LAKE WORTH and BISCAYNE BAY 

are reached from Jacksonville via the 

FLORIDA EAST COAST RAILWAY. 



Railway: 



For copy of beautiful book, "Florida East Coast," best map of 
Peninsular Florida and other information, address 

J. R. PARROTT, J. D. BECKWITH, J. D. RAHNER, 

Vice-President. Traffic flanager. Assistant Q. P. A. 

ST. AUGUSTINE, FLA. 



Further information of the East Coast Railway at the Standard Guide Information Bureau, St. Augustine. 




& 



COAST UNE 



rviAWASHINOTONAHpRICHMOND 



■P> FLORIDA 



^^M 











SAVANNAH. 
BRUNSWICK . 
THOMASVILLE, 
PEN5AC0LA . 
MONTGOMERY 
WINTER PARK, 
TAMPA. 




RICHMOND. 

WILMINGTON. 

CHARLESTON. 

COLUMBIA. 

AIKEN, 

AUGUSTA. 

MACON . 

ATLANTA. 



9A0(S011VILLE. 

STAUGUSTINE. 

ORMOND. 

ROCKLEDGE. 

LAKE WORTH. 

MIAMI. 

KEY WEST. 




Jacksonville 



Vc, ROUTE OF THE CELEBRATED 
^ "^^ORK AND FLORIDfV SPEC>At> 



jtf* 22 9 
■ y^i\{ir BROADWAY, 

NEW YORK 



Circulars at the Standard Guide Information Bureau. St. Augustine. 



